Drugs And Its Effects On America - 1374 Words

Drugs are a major issue in America. They are imported from all around the world, but they are mostly brought across the Mexican border. Even though they are a major concern, nobody is doing anything about it. In the year 2015 nearly 47,000 have died from an overdose. Why is this epidemic of drugs being flown into America being ignored? Is the election between Hilary and Trump for the presidency a bigger picture than drugs and drug related crime? Will Trump’s idea of building a wall actually help decrease illegal immigration, and decrease the amount of narcotics brought into the U.S? Drugs coming from Mexico have also been an issue and we have continuously reduced the amount of drugs from being smuggled into the United states, but not all of them. Drugs are obviously a big issue in America, even if it is being overlooked. Not only are the Drugs killing people but the fight over them is also creating crime. People on the streets have been fighting over drugs for as long as the y have been here. They’re not only fighting over the drugs but they re also killing for them. Why do we allow for such damage to occur in the U.S. when it can be stopped? There is one solution for this drastic issue, legalize the drugs. If a whole percentage is being controlled and distributed by the government, people will not fight over them which will lead to lower rates of crime. Alternatively, a good way to lower overdoses is to put a tax on them. Charge an extra tax, for example cigarettes,taxShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Drug Abuse On America1350 Words   |  6 PagesDrug abuse in America is evidently a huge problem, yet remains to be misunderstood by many people. Elizabeth Foy Larsen writes a strong, informative article about a young woman named Brittany who has fallen to drug abuse. Brittany was a drug free, well rounded student with great potential just like many other young adults in America. However, one occasion flipped her life completely upside down. She had gotten her wisdom teeth removed and received prescription medication to reduce her pain. She soonRead MoreDrug Trafficking And Its Effects On America1600 Words   |  7 Pages In a country of struggling economies, many have viewed the drug trade as one South American’ s most successful businesses. Latin America s drug trafficking industry has been depicted in United States popular culture through motion pictures such as Scarface and Traffic. The purpose of my research is to take away society’s perception of what Hollywood has depicted drug trade to be and bring out what narcotics trafficking really is, as well as trying to coincide with the motivations of those peopleRead MoreDrug Use And Its Effects On America Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesDrugs have been used throughout the world for thousands of years, whereas drug use has existed here in the U.S for a little over a hundred years. 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As drugs haveRead MoreDrug Trafficking And Its Effects On America1137 Words   |  5 Pages Drug trafficking has turned into one of the important and complex world issue today. Drug trafficking is the act of selling producing and transporting drugs that are illegal this can be seen in small or large scale operations. Today s drug market is huge and most of the drug related business takes place mostly between Mexico and the U.S. This paper will explore how the Mexican cartels cause crime in order to gain money, induce fear upon the population, and gain power in Mexico. From the yearRead MoreDrug Smuggling And Its Effects On America1694 Words   |  7 PagesThey engage in drug smuggling to carter for their needs. In addition, the viscous cycle of poverty in some societies has led to large number of people engaging in drug smuggling. Education is always viewed as a major factor in eliminating poverty. However, in some communities, high levels of poverty leads to school dropouts. 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Drug trafficking has become the king of these issues, with the other issues slowly branching off as subjects to serve their king. Currently, Mexican drug cartels dominate the wholesale illicit drug market, earning $13.4 to $49.4 billion annually. Since this investment is extremely large, it has become an exhausting challenge to try to destroy the drug trafficking as it threatens to hurt innocents. As the danger of drugs drifts in the streets of Mexico, so doesRead MoreDrug Trafficking And Its Effects On America964 Words   |  4 Pages In regard to Latin America, this area is a crucial geographical zone for drug trafficking and production. Due to the location, the drug trade has found its perfect home, vast mountains and forests enable huge farms to produce and ship drugs to any region they want. 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A Critical Discussion of Research Methods and Approaches Free Essays

Introduction: Progressing further from the literature review, a research methodology is proposed and formulated concentrating on the design, implementation and careful analysis of the data to achieve the main research objective which is to analyse what staff at Asda think of the electronic training and induction which takes place within the company. This would be carefully analysed in further details. Research Philosophy: Saunders et al (2007) defines research philosophy as the manner in which knowledge is being developed and interpreted. We will write a custom essay sample on A Critical Discussion of Research Methods and Approaches or any similar topic only for you Order Now Literature by Saunders et al (2007) indicates that there are three important variables that must be considered when looking at a research philosophy. These are Ontology, Epistemology and Axiology respectively. Ontology is mainly concerned with the nature of reality; it raises questions on how the world functions and various views that people hold within. Whereas, Epistemology is the way knowledge is demonstrated and how it can be justified. Axiology is a branch of philosophy which studies judgements about value and it stresses upon that what role the researcher’s value play in the research. (Saunders et al 2007). This research is taking place in Asda store in Edinburgh and the philosophical approach it will adopt is Epistemology. Epistemology as defined by Baker and Foy (2008) is the branch of philosophy which is concerned with the nature of knowledge and mainly concerns at what does and what does not constitute as warranted knowledge. According to Easter-by-Smith et al (2004), adopting a research position is vital in research because of the following reasons. First, it helps to clarify the research design. Second, it identifies which design will work and which will not. Third, it allows the researcher to stay within the research objectives and also indicate some limitations of a particular research approach and last it can help the researcher to introduce his or her personal experiences in the research process. However, there are two philosophical positions that have emerged from within the rank of Epistemology. These are Objectivism and Constructivism. (Saunders et al 2007) Further, Johnson and Clark (2006) argues that the most important issue is not which philosophical space the research occupies but on how well the research is reflected and defence against the alternatives the researcher could have adopted. More so, the theoretical perspective history presents a graphical illustration of the philosophical positions below: Theoretical Perspective: Objectivism as an epistemological stance holds the view that social entity exists in reality and is independent of people’s perceptions. However constructivism is opposite to objectivism. Truth and meaning do not exist in some external world and people construct their own meaning in different ways, even in relation to the same phenomenon. (Remeyi et al 2005) This research will mainly adopt a constructivist approach because it is about looking at people’s views and beliefs. However, there is a very little element of objectivism in the research as to look at past figures and study the previous trends of young and older workers beliefs and views. Therefore, focusing mainly on constructivism thus, making it fairly justifiable for using this constructivist approach. This correlate with the theoretical perspective of interpretivism. Saunders et al (2007) defines interpretivism as an epistemological approach which is necessary for the researcher to understand the difference between the humans in the role as a social actor. This approach is adopted by those who regard the business world as too complex to permit the discovery of definite laws. According to Saunders et al (2007), interpretivism refers to way people make sense of the world around them, which bears different perceptions of the way people judge, think and feel about orga nisational operations. However, proponents of interpretivism are criticised for undermining the general ability of research findings. Reasons for adopting this philosophical approach is that the staff at Asda is going to base and construct their own understanding and knowledge on electronic training and induction which is offered to them therefore they will have their opinions and feelings about it and whether they like it or not. Remeyi et al (2005:104) nicely summarised the underpinning features of objectivism and constructivism in the table below:- ObjectivismConstructivism Basic beliefs:World is externally and objectiveObserver is independentWorld is socially constructed and subjectiveObserver is part of what is been observed Focus on meaning Researchers should:Focus on factsLook for causality and fundamental lawsReduce phenomena to simplest elements Formulate and test hypothesisTry to understand what is happening Look at totality of each situation Preferred methods:Operationalise concepts so they can be measuredTake large samples Use multiple methods to establish different views of phenomenaSmall samples investigated in depth or over time Source:Remeyi et al (2005:104) Research Approach: Inductive and Deductive Research There are two major approaches to a research development namely induction and deduction. Deductive approach is similarly to that of the scientific research. It involves the development of a theory which is subjected to a rigorous test. (Collis and Hussey2003) Deductive approach in a research works from a more general to more specific and conclusions can be drawn from an available theory. (Saunders et al 2007). For instance: Herzberg’s Two Factor theory can be used to identify job satisfaction within a workplace. Inductive approach on the other hand works the other way round moving from much specific to broader generalisation and conclusions are based on the facts identified in the research findings.The purpose of this is to get a feel of what is going on so as to understand something in a much better way. (Saunders et al 2007) Inductive approach will be suitable for this research because the research objectives are context specific, gathering general ideas and views of people and the research will be carried out to get a better understanding of the workplace systems and finally conclusions will be arrived from the research findings. Research Methodology/ Strategy: Case Study According to Remeyi et al (2005) research strategy provides the overall direction of the research and has identified several research strategies namely action research, case studies, forecasting, survey, ethnography, grounded theory and archival research. Robson (2002) defines case study as a strategy for doing research which involves an investigation of a particular existing fact within its real life context using multiple sources of evidence. Morris and Wood (1991) states that the case study strategy is of a greater interest if the researcher wishes to gain a rich understanding of the context of the research and the process being enacted. Case study strategy also generates answers to the questions, for this reason the case study strategy is often used in explanatory and exploratory research. For the purpose of this research, the researcher will focus on case study strategy. The use of this strategy will comfortably accommodate better understanding and provide rich picture of the current situation and training systems in place within Asda. Purpose of the Research: Descriptive, Exploratory or Explanatory: The classification of the research purpose most often used in the research methods is among one of the following: exploratory, descriptive or explanatory. However, the research project may have more than one purpose. (Saunders et al 2007) Robson (2002) points out, that the purpose of enquiry within the research can also change over time. Descriptive Study: Robson (2002) states that, the aim of descriptive research is to portray an accurate and exact profile of people, events or situations. Exploratory Study: An exploratory study is very valuable way of finding out what is happening or to seek new insights, to ask questions and to assess phenomena in a new light. It is a very useful if the research is about clarifying and understanding of any problems and there is also a willingness to change direction in exploratory study. (Robson 2002) Explanatory Study: This involves a research which focuses on studying a situation or a problem in order to explain the relationships between variables. (Saunders et al 2007) This research is going to use exploratory study because it involves getting a general understanding of electronic training given to staff in Asda and exploring any problems within the workplace faced by the employees finally willing to make any adjustments according to the needs and requirements of the employees. Qualitative and Quantitative Data: Saunders et al (2007) describe qualitative data as non-numerical data and which has not been quantified. Carter and Litter (2007) hold the view that qualitative research enables the researcher to rely on words rather than using numerical data when carrying out the investigation. The researcher can pose open the questions about the nature of things as they happen in real life rather than putting out to test already established hypothesis. However, on the other hand quantitative data as described by Saunders et al (2007) as numerical data that have been quantified and it is the data that can be measured. Carter and Little (2007) describe quantitative data as data which is based on facts and figures. This research is mainly focused on Qualitative method because it involves describing things for instance getting feelings of staff over induction and training method used in Asda which is the main objective of this research. The qualitative data will be collected from interviews to get a general feeling of things. However, there is also little Quantitative analysis involved within the research because the researcher will gather some numerical data by giving out the questionnaires in order to access the effectiveness of electronic induction and training. Previous figures can also be collected from management for accessing the effectiveness of e-training but the main focus still relies on the qualitative analysis. Quantitative data can be represented by using pie charts, bar charts or reports. Easterby-Smith et al (2004) states that the combination of both methods of research enhances and maximises the quality of the research. Data Collection Methods: This research is based on a realistic philosophical stance based on inductive approach, the research strategy being a case study, the purpose of the research being exploratory using both qualitative and quantitative analysis but mainly emphasising on qualitative analysis. Data collection methods are simply how the information is gathered. There is a wide range of data collection methods available namely: surveys, sampling, questionnaire, observation, interview, focus groups. (Easterby-Smith et al 2004) However for the purpose of this research the researcher is going to use three methods to collect data (questionnaire, semi-structured interview and focus group discussions) for the purpose of triangulation. Questionnaires: A questionnaire is a set of carefully prepared questions designed with the aim of collecting reliable data from selected participants. (Remeyi et al 2005) Oppenheim (1992) defines a questionnaire as a tool for collecting and recording information about a particular issue of interest. It is made up of a list of questions and it should always have a definite purpose which is related to the objectives of the research. Questionnaires are commonly used to gather straightforward information relating to people’s behaviour or to look at basic attitudes and opinions of people relating to a particular issue. The questionnaire can be designed using both open and closed ended questions to get both qualitative and quantitative data. For the purpose of this research, the researcher will distribute the questionnaires to the permanent staff specially focusing on staff that has been to both electronically and classroom based training sessions. Reason for using a questionnaire is that it will enable the researcher to get a clear picture about the effectiveness of e-training. A sample size of about 30 staff will then be chosen. This will include 25 shop floor workers, 2 team leaders, 2 line managers and 1 personal training buddy. The questionnaire will be in the form of both open and closed ended questions to get a mixture of quantitative and qualitative data. The questionnaire is focused to those employees and managers who can share and express their views in interviews and focus group discussions. Further, Cohen et al (2000) states that advantages of a questionnaire is that the feedback is anonymous which encourages openness and honesty and it gives the opportunity to each employee to participate. The use of questionnaires gives the following advantages: it is cost and time efficient in collecting and analysing data. However, questionnaires also possess some sort of difficulty for example open ended questions may require the respondent to give detailed answers which may be a challenge to some respondents whereas, closed ended questions may limit the in-depth enquiry of relevant information. (Easterby-Smith et al 2004) The researcher will carry out a pilot test using five questionnaires to check that the questions are easily understood and that there are no particular problems relating to the length, sensitivity and sequence of questions. One to one Interviews: According to Easterby-Smith et al (2004) one to one interviews can take various forms: structured, semi-structured and unstructured. This requires a face-to-face conversation between the interviewee and the interviewer and the sequence of questions are open ended. This research will adopt a semi-structured interview. Remeyi et al (2005) states that semi-structured interview provides an opportunity to probe complex issues in a relaxed atmosphere. The reason for carrying out the research in a semi-structured interview technique is because it provides quick and rich evidence because the respondent can provide detailed insights of facts. Participants for the semi-structured interview will be selected on the basis that they have gone through both electronic and classroom trainings programmes. The sample for the interview would be five members mainly: 1 personnel manager, 1 departmental manager, 1 line manager and 2 shop floor workers. The interview questions will be drawn out from the literature review however; the researcher may add any relevant questions or drop any issues which may seem inappropriate while conducting the interview. Focus Group Discussions: A focus group discussion is a group of people who have been brought together to discuss a specific topic in depth. According to Saunders et al (2007) focus group discussions involves the use of comprehensively group interaction whereby participants are chosen because they have something to contribute on the topic. A focus group can precede both quantitative and qualitative data. The researcher will use focus group discussions as third method to gather data. Reasons for doing a focus group discussion is because one session of a group discussion produces a large amount of information in a relatively short period of time. The research will involve five participants in the focus group discussion; 1 line manager, 1 team leader, 1 training buddy and 2 shop floor workers and the sessions will last for 25 minutes. Triangulation: According to Wolf (2010:145) ‘’triangulation refers to the combination of different research modes or looking at the same topic from different angles.’’ As stated above, three methods have been adopted for this research. They will better explore the outcome of the e-training process thus enhancing validity. The reason is to provide broader breadth and depth of the research objectives and also offer greater clarity about the gaps in philosophical commitment during data collection and analysis levels. (Cox and Hassard 2005) Validity and Reliability of Research Design: Validity and reliability are very important criteria in evaluating a research. According to Joppe (2000), validity determines whether the research truly measures that which was intended to measure or how truthful the research results are. Remeyi et al (2005) refers to validity as representing a good fit between theory and reality, in the same sense that when a description of a process is evaluated; best fit between theory and reality can be traced. The primary reason for considering this is to indicate how the research will be accepted as a piece of academic writing. Since the research will include little bit of quantitative data, statistical validity will be very paramount to ensure consistency and integrity. Also validity of qualitative data will be prompted whether the researcher has gained full access to knowledge and information about the case study. (Remeyi et al 2005) Reliability is that similar observations should be made by researchers on different occasions and the concern is that how replicable the study is. (Remeyi et al 2005)This is achieved by keeping the data which is been collected safely and to enable others to investigate if any doubts arise in the research results. This provides transparency and trust in the philosophy, approach and methods used in collecting and analysing data since they are open for scrutiny. (Remeyi et al 2005). Research Ethics: The researcher will bear in mind the ethical issues; these will be in accordance with research ethics framework presented by the University of Bolton Institutional Repository and also the Economic and Social Research Council: to ensure the design and the research itself will respect honesty and quality standard. Its been guaranteed that the intended used methods shall be clearly understood by the participants and privacy will be respected in terms of when gathering data and anonymity of respondent. Finally, the author will observe the widely cited suggestions given by Remeyi et al (2005) relative to the theft of ideas, choice of sampling, obtaining assistance from others, misrepresentation of work done and lastly to avoid illegal and unlawful conducts with the entities of the organisation being studied. Evaluation of Overall Research Design: The research philosophy, approach, strategy and methods adopted for the research are judged by the researcher as the most suitably fit for the research objectives. However, the researcher is aware of the lapses in the research design and these might cause hindrance in convincing conclusions. The researcher has envisaged the following possible limitations and has outlined backup plans. Firstly, the issues could rise in the inclusion and exclusion of sampling criteria may rise constraints in the research design. For example: age discrimination and ethnicity might be a problem and overall logistic costs and general feasibility of the research design can hinder the collection of sufficient data. Also selected participants maybe unavailable due to being absence, some participants being on sick leave, workers taking pre-booked holidays and most importantly the busy schedule of management may cause disruptions in the research. In addition, the current management within the department might be altered through transfers hence; this might slow down the research process completely. Secondly, the sample of 30 participants may not provide a broader picture of the electronically based training and induction in Asda. Thirdly, errors and non-responsive attitude of the participants might cause problems in the sample representation. Furthermore, by using a case study strategy it makes it difficult to generalise the outcomes of the research since it may not present a wider view of the store or Asda organisation. This can raise questions about the validity and reliability of the research. Also, the time available to carry out the research is limited. This limits the collection of vital information through semi-structured interviews and focus groups discussions which might cause some loop holes in the research process. Accurate and appropriate data collection analysis tools maybe difficult to find sometimes. Again, since the purpose of the research objective seems to be limited and focuses on a more tangible issue such as technology; this might limit participants interest in the research thus can cause setbacks in the research process. Equally important is that access to vital information about the personnel department might cause constraints in the research itself; as stated by Wolf (2010) it is common for researcher to encounter accessibility difficulties during the data collection stages of their research. Finally, the research project is the first independent project carried out by the researcher of such magnitude, although the author has written essays for up to three thousand words but this may cause inaccuracies in the overall research design. The use of questionnaires will target wide sample size, this will ensure appropriate response. Interviews and focus group discussions will enable the researcher to obtain valuable information for limited time since management will be involved. As data analysis and interpretation of data is concerned, the researcher will apply simple co-efficient method by comparing between samples, the higher co-efficient reflecting higher score and vice versa. (Cavusgil and Das 1997) With regards to internal and external validity of the research, the author will ensure causality between the research objectives, literature review and the research design and also ensure that the research design matches with other research patterns. In addition, triangulation has been adopted to provide richness in the data collected. Similarly, the author will follow the recommendations provided by Gilbbert and Ruigrok (2010) to ensure external validity; generality in external setting does not mean that case study should give up generalisability but the key is to distinguish between statistical and analytical generality. With respect to ethical concerns, the research will guarantee transparency through careful documentation and organisation of the research process with relevant materials to be kept secured to facilitate retrieval for any further investigation. Furthermore, the author will ensure for the sample criteria all cultures are respected. Inclusion criteria will follow the provisions of Equality and Discrimination Act 2010. The author will use random sample in order to avoid any representation errors. Also with regards to accessibility, the author will keep closed contact with the management. More so, the author works within the company as a seasonal staff during the holidays and has been working there for three years so this makes it easy for the management and employees with regards to communication flow so the communication gap has been eliminated. The issue of cost especially travelling and other logistics from Bolton to Edinburgh will be handled since Edinburgh is the author’s main UK residency place. In short, the research design coupled with the research objectives and the literature review are fundamental in critically evaluating the process of electronic training and induction in Asda Edinburgh. References Baker, M.A., Foy, A. (2008) Business and Management Research, 2nd Ed, Argyll: Westburn Publishers Carter, S.M., Little, M. (2007) Justifying Knowledge, Justifying Method, Taking Action: Epistemologies, Methodologies and Methods in Qualitative Research, Journal of Qualitative Health Research, vol.17, no.10, pp.1316-132 Cavusgil, S.M., Das, A. (1997) Methodology Issues in Cross-cultural Sourcing Research – a Primer, Marketing Intelligence and Planning Journal, vol.15, no.5, pp.213-220 Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. (2000) Research Methods in Education, 5th Ed, London: Rouledge Falmer Collis, J., Hussey, R. (2003) Business Research: A Practical Guide for Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students, 2nd Ed, Basingstoke: Macmillan Cox, J.W., Hassard, J. (2005) Triangulation in Organisational Research: A Representation, Organisation Science Journal, vol.12, pp.109-133 Easterby-Smith, M., Thorpe, R., Lowe, A. (2004) Management Research: An Introduction, 2nd Ed, London: Sage Publications Gibbert, M., Ruigrok, W. (2010) The ‘What’ and ‘How’ of Case Study Rigor: Three Strategies Based on Published Work, Journal of Organisational Research Methods, vol.13, no.4, pp.710-737 Johnson, P., Clark, M. (2006) Business and Management Research Methodologies, Sage Publications Joppe, M. (2000) The Research Process, The Quantitative Report Journal, vol.8, no.4, pp.597-607. Available from: http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR8-4/golafshani.pdf[Accessed on 25th April 2011] Morris, T., Wood, S. (1991) ‘’Testing the survey method: continuity and change in British industrial relations’, Work Employment and Society, vol.5, no.2, pp.259-82 Neuman, W.L. (2000) Social Research Methods, 2nd Ed, London: Allyn and Bacon Oppenheim, A.N. (1992) Questionnaire Design, Interviewing and Attitude Measurement, 2nd Ed, London: St. Martins Press Remeyi, D.W., Money, A., Swartz, E. (2005) Doing Research in Business and Management: An Introduction to Process and Method, London: Sage Publications Robson, C. (2002) Real World Research, 2nd Ed, Oxford: Blackwell Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. (2007) Research Methods for Business Students, 4th Ed, Harlow: Pearson Education Wolf, F. (2010) Enlightened Eclecticism or Hazardous HotchpotchMixed Methods and Triangulation, Journal of Mixed Methods Research, vol.4, no.2, pp.144-16 How to cite A Critical Discussion of Research Methods and Approaches, Essays

Entrepreneurial Growth for Business Venturing - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEntrepreneurial Growth for Business Venturing. Answer: Structures for Growth- Reflection The establishment of a new business venture is critical for the entrepreneurs and they should have the ability to develop suitable products or services that would satisfy the needs of the customers (Fisher et al., 2017). I have seen the fact that the entrepreneurs need to be skillful so as to understand the current market demands and how the business can provide value. In this self-reflection, I would like to explore the most important growth challenges of the entrepreneurs and how they are considered critical for the business entities. I would also like to discuss about the different organization systems as well as structures that a firm adopts to tackle the different growth challenges faced by the firm. I would also like to identify the different benefits as well as disadvantages of the exit strategies of the firm. If we closely observe the growth challenges of the firm, then the most important challenge concerns with the ability to correctly recognize the needs of the customers and the ability to develop customized service or product based on their requirements. In the event that these two challenges are being overcome, I have seen that the firms witness high growth rate. The rapid growth of the firm would also require an increase in the quantity of the firms operational systems. This often causes lack of planning as such decisions need to be implemented quickly. I believe that the second challenge for the entrepreneurs is concerned with the fundamental transformation. As opined by Flamholtz and Randle (2012), once the firm starts growing, it needs to undergo metamorphosis from unplanned structure to more disciplined, planned and organized entity. I feel that in this stage, the firms have a challenge of developing clearly the jobs and responsibilities of the employees so that they are able to achieve the organizational objectives. I also feel that the biggest accountability for the firms is that there is proper control system in which the measurement of the goals, measures and related rewards would be done. But in the actual scenarios, there are accountable issues observed in the firms. In the transition phase, there are problems with the on-job training of the employees, which becomes an issue since there are no formal management development programs. There is also lack of budgets for the smooth functioning of the firm (Flamholtz Randle, 2012). This is the organizational phase in which the traits or the personality of the organizational leaders are critically evaluated. As commented by Flamholtz and Randle (2012), the entrepreneurs often face great difficulty in having effective control of their business enterprise. There are some entrepreneurs who often customize their skills or behaviors in order to accommodate the changing demands of the business. There are others who rely on recruiting professional managers who can take care of the enterprise. I have seen that the recruitment process is a daunting task in which the business leaders often find it difficult to hire the most competent and suitable candidate for the job role. The above hindrances or pains are critical especially in the initial period of the business, when it is striving to gain more prominence in the market (Roberts, 1999). In the initial stages of the business, it is striving to have more organizational development, which is concerned with the efficient planning as well as implementation of the changes that are responsible for gaining changes in the overall capabilities of an enterprise (Flamholtz Randle, 2012). The organizational development is important since it is directly related with the profitability of the firm. I feel that the organizational structures should be adequate in addressing the different growth challenges being faced by the organization. The professionalism of the business system would go a long way in addressing the challenges during the growth of the organization (Roberts, 1999). The staff of the organization should be professional enough so that they can deal with the new challenges in a better way. The consolidation of the new business enterprise is also important for the purpose of addressing the growth needs of the organizations in a better way. All the business ventures should be properly channelized so that the firm can hold a strong position in the market, leading to more competitive edge (Hofer Charan, 1984). This would imply that the business would be able to manage them in a professional manner. I have also witnessed the fact that the product diversification can and diversified activities of the firm would help it to manage the organizational growth challenges in a b etter way. The integration of the firms core capabilities or the individual department is responsible for more strengthening of the firms operational capabilities. I have witnessed that governance played an important role in the addressing the different growth challenges of the entrepreneurs. The corporate governance ensures that the business gets sufficient access to the capital for its smooth functioning (Autio et al., 2014). The business should ensure that there is access to the investors so that they can adequately invest in the equity. I feel that the company founders should also be provided with adequate funds for proper growth as well as innovation of the business firm. I also think that corporate governance should ensure that the funds are equally distributed among all departments of the firm or between the sisters concerns of the same organization. I believe that the investors should be rewarded for bringing in genuine market information and the capitals should be allocated to those to whom maximum possible utilization of the resources can be done. Good corporate governance should ensure that the rewards should complement with the moni toring of the various corporate operations (Ebrahim, Battilana Mair, 2014). As opined by Collewaert (2012), the exit strategy of a firm enables the investors to extract the finances from the business ventures. These kinds of strategies ensure that there is maximum return on investment and in the long run make the business more profitable. The benefits of the exit strategy would include that it could result into high company valuation which would result in maximum sale. The risk of entrepreneurial intentions is higher for those entrepreneurs who have more goal as well as task conflicts (Collewaert 2012). They help in the better planning of the operational resources and the better operational processes. The probable disadvantages of the exit strategies, especially in the process of business acquisition is that the company involved may be restructuring the acquired business to a great extent. There are also instances of the loss of identity of the business, which often leads to a decrease of the individual business identity. The purchasing of the company would absorb the concerned acquired company and the previous features of the company would be dissolved. I have witnessed the fact that the when there is a split in the business, then the assets may get equally divided between both the partners, which may be a matter of concern between the individual parties involved. Reflecting on the overall growth challenges of the firm, I realize the fact that the firms go through a whole lot of issues while trying to gain prominence in the market. The concerned factors of the entrepreneurial activities have led to an increase in the understanding of the topic. This reflection has led to better understanding of the challenges of the entrepreneurial growth the role of governance in reducing them. References Autio, E., Kenney, M., Mustar, P., Siegel, D., Wright, M. (2014). Entrepreneurial innovation: The importance of context.Research Policy,43(7), 1097-1108. Collewaert, V. (2012). Angel investors' and entrepreneurs' intentions to exit their ventures: A conflict perspective.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,36(4), 753-779. Ebrahim, A., Battilana, J., Mair, J. (2014). The governance of social enterprises: Mission drift and accountability challenges in hybrid organizations.Research in Organizational Behavior,34, 81-100. Fisher, G., Kuratko, D. F., Bloodgood, J. M., Hornsby, J. S. (2017). Erratum to Legitimate to whom? The challenge of audience diversity and new venture legitimacy[Journal of Business Venturing 32 (2017) 5271].Journal of Business Venturing,32(1), 128-129. Flamholtz, E. G., Randle, Y. (2012).Growing pains: Transitioning from an entrepreneurship to a professionally managed firm. John Wiley Sons. Hofer, C. W., Charan, R. (1984). The transition to professional management: Mission impossible.American Journal of Small Business,9(1), 1-11. Roberts, M.J. 1999. Managing transitions in the growing enterprise. In W.A. Sahlan Stevenson, H.H. (eds.), The entrepreneurial venture, pp. 377-391. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School

Social Isolation free essay sample

As a consequence, over half of all Americans have no close confidants or friends outside their immediate family. The situation today is much worse today than it was when similar information was gathered in 1985. Mary Shelley’s monster is intelligent and philosophical and he often thinks at great length about the nature of his own being. God in pity made man beautiful and alluring, after his own image; but my form is a filthy type of yours. (Shelley 154) When the creature describes his process of discovery describing how he learned both the spoken and written language from eavesdropping on the conversation on a family of rustics, looking at books, and his own creative reasoning. In this novel it is clear that the creature is not just intelligent, but is a genius! In fact, he is a being of incredible abilities. His transformation to the philosopher he was near the end of the novel takes place over a couple of months, not years. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Isolation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That is indeed much different from any average human being, thats for sure. In Mary Shelleys novel Victor Frankensteins creature suffered from Social Isolation in every way. Even though the monster is both physically and mentally superior to a human. While the Hollywood movie does indeed make him big and strong, like Shelley did in her novel, it also portrays him as a clumsy oaf as well. In the book, the creature is supernaturally fast and agile, able to outrun any other human being. He is able to climb up the side of a building with the ease of Peter Parker. Hollywood’s version basically just staggers and does not appear able to climb a set of stairs, let alone the side of a building. It is said that Victors creation evolves into a monster because of the absence of a strong father figure. I am malicious because I am miserable. You, my creator, would tear me to pieces, and triumph; remember that, and tell me why I should pity man more than he pities me? (Shelley 173) The creature’s father selfishly abandons him and this sets into motion a chain of events that transforms a being full of actual human potential into a cruel beast hell-bent on revenge. Some modern sociologists suggest this absence may be the best example of anti-social behavior. Little boys who grew up without the benefits of a father figure are more likely to fault their own paternal respo nsibilities, leaving many generations of fatherless sons who end up on the wrong side of the law. Evidence shows that social isolation is common among men who grew up with absentee dads. Sigmund Freud, known as the founding father of psychoanalysis famously suggested that we all secretly want to kill our old man. The did monster seek to destroy his father, not out of an Oedipal Complex Oedipus complex denotes the emotions and ideas that the mind keeps in the unconscious, via dynamic repression, that concentrates upon a childs desire to sexually possess the parent of the opposite sex. e. g. ales attracted to their mothers, whereas females are attracted to their fathers (Wikipedia) lust for his mother (because he had none), but there was a sexual aspect to the monster’s psychosis. I am alone, and miserable; man will not associate with me, but one as deformed and horrible as myself would not deny herself to me. (Shelley 171) Frankenstein had even begun to create a female companion for his creation, but then he destroys her, denying the monster’s sexual gratification, and bringing the father/son hostility to a climax.

How to Launch Your Very Own Podcast the CoSchedule Way

How to Launch Your Very Own Podcast the Way Do you love podcasts? Of course, you do. And you’re not alone. About 48 million people listen to them each year up 6 million from last year. One-third of Americans (ages 25-54) listen to podcasts monthly, so they’re not just for nerds anymore. Its not too late to jump in the game. The time is now. Want to start a podcast? How do you do it? How much does it cost? What equipment and technology will I need? How do I land the best guests? If you dont even know where to begin, fear not. Nathan Ellering and Jordan Loftis of are here to talk about the early days of the Actionable Marketing Podcast (AMP) and lessons they learned along the way. AMP podcast was created as a supplement to ’s blog and reach new audiences Smart people use as a tool, so the podcast gave the company an opportunity to build relationships with them Finding guests can be intimidating; start with those around you,then feature customers and their stories and experience using your product and services AMP was initially focused on content marketing; but people who do content marketing, do it as one part of marketing thats not all they do AMP gives you helpful information, and expect you to act upon it If you want a podcast, start simple with just a microphone, room, and people to talk to; thats all you need don’t over-complicate it and learn as you go Listening to and looking at yourself at first is weird; may sound like a 12-year-old chipmunk and look like Harry Potter in flannel Ultimately, when it comes to podcasts, its about the content whether it gets shared and how it connects with people High-priced and high-tech mics and other equipment are not necessary; keep the cost low when starting a podcast look around to see what you already have Necessities: Mic, filter for that mic, Internet connection, call recorder, and quiet room; use Libsyn or some other podcast hosting option Interviewing: Can be kind of a nerve-wracking experience do it to learn it; #1 thing when interviewing is to be the listeners advocate or sit in the listeners seat Build credibility to snag big-name guests; but don’t try to just name-grab, invite people who you think highly of and offer incredible value Links: Andy Crestodina Gini Dietrich ’s Blog Libsyn Neil Patel Michael Brenner Rand Fishkin Pat Flynn Noah Kagan Amy Porterfield Content Marketing World Write and send a review to receive a care package If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes: â€Å"We knew that we had some really smart people who use as a tool, and it gave us an opportunity to build relationships with those people.† Nathan Ellering â€Å"Something that we want to do is not just give you some information that is somewhat helpful; we want to make sure that you can actually act upon it.† Nathan Ellering â€Å"If you dont start, youll never learn. So, dont let the fear of getting started prevent you from actually starting your own podcast.† Nathan Ellering I think the number one thing that Ive learned interviewing people is try to be the listeners advocate or sit in the listeners seat. Jordan Loftis

Analysing Constructivism In International Relations Theory Politics Essay

Analysing Constructivism In International Relations Theory Politics Essay With its opposite position to mainstream International Relations (IR) theorists’, rationalist or positivist (neo-realism and neo-liberalism), explanations to international politics, constructivism could be perceived as the development of group of critical theories that contested the way in which IR should search for knowledge in 1980s, the period Yosuf Lapid (1989) describes as â€Å"the Third Debate†. Although scholars who subsume to constructivist idea acknowledged this point, they argue that constructivist ideas toward IR are not exactly the same with its predecessor. The like such as Ted Hof (1998) and Christian Reus-Smit (2001) point out that constructivism is focus on the way in decoding the international social phenomenon through empirical analysis as well as normative approach. It also emphasize on the role of identity in determining agent’s behaviour and the mutually constituted between agents and structures. These concepts are not fit in to the mindset of critical theories, which tend to employ different aspects of social exchanges as a unit of study in trying to understand the nature of international politics. Having asserted that constructivism is neither rationalism nor critical theories, this essay aims to explore the uniqueness of the particular theory and its prominence in IR in the globalization stage, where the explanatory power of, the dominant, realism seems to be less tenable. This essay is divided into three parts: firstly, exploring premised concept of constructivism; secondly, giving empirical observation regarding the North-South relations through constructivist view; lastly, wrap up the study and assess the promise of the theory as one of the key approaches in the field of IR. What is constructivism? The rise of constructivism after the end of the Cold War not only contest the limited account of rationalism, both neo-realism and neo-liberalism, in explaining the changing order in global politics but also, at the s ame time, put forward critical theories beyond its territory by subsuming to the normative and empirical analysis. Rationalists, both neo-realists and neo-liberalists, share the same premise toward the structure of IR and how states response to it. As a result of Lakotos’ theory construction model and microeconomic theory, they have a common view that states are self-interested and rational agent within the anarchic international system, states perceive IR as a venue for maximizing their interests, thus, the way states act is subject to the power they get from the distribution of material power within the system, this also lead to hierarchy in IR (Reus-Smit, 2001). On the other hand, critical theories which might not pay much attention on the structure of IR, they are more interested in meta-theoretical debate which rationalism. They oppose the epistemology and ontology that are postulated by rationalism, which lead to their rejection of using normative or universalist approa ch in studying the discipline. This part of essay is going to differentiate premise ideas of constructivism with the other two branches of thought. Ted Hof (1998) highlights that the key premised concept of constructivism is an intersubjective set of meanings, a shared meaning in a society, which can be in a form of social norms or social practices. According to Hof (ibid), intersubjective set of meanings plays a vital role in formulating, another important focus of constructivism, state’s identity. Social norms are the foundations that influence state’s behaviour and that behaviour creates interactions with others who, through the reproduction process, will recognize this behaviour as state’s identity. Whereas realism emphasizes on distribution of material capabilities in the anarchic system of IR, constructivism views that normative structures are of importance as well as material capabilities. As having asserted by Reus-Smit (2001), normative structures are t he thought to shape the social identity of political actor. The norms that determine actors’ identity can go in parallel between International practices and internal elements. Having focused on how normative structures shape actor’s identity, constructivism provides an account for the development of interests as well as actor’s perception toward others. According to Alexander Wendt, the prominent constructivist scholar, â€Å"identity is the basis of interests† (1992: quoted in Reus-Smit, ibid), constructivist scholars hold that by having examined the connection between identity and interests, it is possible to provide room for understanding why each actor sometimes views the same situation differently.

Final review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final review - Assignment Example In a situation whereby a third quality land is cultivated, the rent commences on the second land quality with an immediate effect. However, the rent can be regulated by the difference in their productive powers as the rent of the first quality land increases since it must always be slightly above the second class. Naturally, the aspect of rising rents would directly take more of the national income (page 91) The paper also reflects on the T. Malthus` objections to Ricardo`s attack on the Corn Laws 1895 and how he responded to these objections in his principle of political economy and taxation. In addition to that, it also discusses how his response strengthened his conclusions about the Corn Laws in 1985. Malthus was a personal friend to Ricardo as well as his opponent on the matters to do with rent whereby Ricardo went on to write a letter to Malthus suggesting that every person to retain his own opinion without terminating the friendship (page 92). According to Ricardo, he referred to the economic rent as a surplus of the personal paper profit over the social gain whereby its value is in control over the resources instead of being directly to the resources. Moreover, there is no representation of gain but a transfer of wealth that was unearned. On the other hand, Malthus objected this opinion by stating that a material gain is stated when the rent is re-invested though the gain is in excess of the social unity. According to John Stuart Mill, the nature of the laws that regulates how we produce products is different from the laws that regulate how we distribute the fruits of that production. Therefore, details on specific examples from the 19th century English labor movement of how the laws of distribution were undergoing change, is also provided in this paper. The existing differences between the laws of regulation in production and distribution come in to nature because both of them undergoes through different processes. However, countries that export produc ts on a large quantity ought to trade perfectly well on a special way, without restrictions for them to gain great advantages. In the context of the quote from Marx`s capital, an explanation of how labor is so important to Marx`s understanding of human self-realization has also been reflected upon. Moreover, a discussion of the role of history among the German philosophical ideas in shaping the Marks idea of human-self realization through labor has also been reflected upon in the discussion. According to Mark, alienation reaches at the peak when labor changes to become wage labor. Out of labor, capitalists are able to higher workers so as to convert the capital goods to final goods. Labor enables the workers to obtain wages that re later used to sustain their families. The more the workers are specialized in their specific areas of labor provision the more alienated they become in reference to the production of products. The employees tend to become more dependent on the production of products as well as the employee when they have set their goals. However the presence of Marx`s differences between the value of labor power also emerged. A provision of detailed explanation on the origin of profits according to Marx is also in this paper. The explanation begins with a discussion of how value is transformed in the production process including the relationship that has been discussed by Marx in the quote. Moreover, it is explained in to details as to why the

Emotional intelligence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Emotional intelligence - Essay Example Rationale for support of emotional intelligent First, before taking side with any of the sides, it is important to understand what EI entails. Stein, et al (7) argued that EI entails an individual being in a position to perceive, evaluate and control emotions. In this regard, EI could be termed as a potential tool in any work place that can be used to assess or predict management performance. This is arguably true because in any work place, it is obvious that employees would be confronted by different situations that would require application of EI in order to be able to solve them. For instance, in the course of performing their duties, employees may find themselves in conflict with their employers, fellow employees or customers. In such a situation, employees are supposed to apply EI principles in order to overcome such conflicts in a professional manner. EI helps people to accurately perceive emotions (Druskat, et al 3). For instance, an employee should be in a position to accurat ely understand signs of an angry employer through various means such as body language and other nonverbal signs. In addition, employees can use EI in using emotions to promote thinking and cognitive thinking. This helps them to garner appropriate measure to use in order to handle the situation at hand in a professional manner. ... This is important especially when dealing with employers, fellow employees or even the customers. Some employers may use EI to assess whether an employee can be able to perform in a stressful position within the organization. This can be applied especially when employers are seeking new persons to fill vacant positions or during promotion of the already existing employees (Stein, et al 7). If an employee has been in constant fights with colleagues and probably not been able to control his emotions, it is apparent that the employer would find it not suitable to offer such an employee a certain position that require soberness when dealing with customers and other employees (Cherniss 3). In another dimension, EI has been argued to play a critical role in motivating employees. When EI is known to be an evaluative tool within an organization, employees tend to carry themselves in a professional manner in order to please their bosses and improve on their performance. In this regard, it can be argued that EI can be used as a tool that can make employees excel in their work. However, opponents of EI may argue that EI can lock out potential employees from putting their skills in practice. Nevertheless, it should be noted that although many employees have intellectual intelligent (IQ), it is not enough to make them good employees. In order for an organization to maintain competitive advantage especially in a highly competitive market, it is necessary to have a work force well equipped with both IQ and EI. This argument is correct because, for example, an excellent student with unbeatable IQ would require having EI in order to mange stress and emotions when sitting for exams. This is what would

UNDERSTANDING THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTIES OF ASSESSMENT Essay Example for Free

UNDERSTANDING THE PRINCIPLES AND PRACTIES OF ASSESSMENT Essay During the initial assessment the assessor must ensure the learner knowledge performance and practical skills. The assessor must ensure that the learning understands their course, The assessor must explain all the units to the learner and support them in choosing the most suited units for their learner. The assessor and the learner must decide on an assessment plan. Setting dates and times to meet with the learner.as well as Agreeing on the best assessment method. The assessor will be able to use question, observation and examine the learners work. The learner must submit assignment or evidence. That their assessor must review to ensure that they have done what was asked for. The assessor must provide feedback to the learning . the feedback must be positive, constructed and encouraging. Once this has been done a feedback form must be used. Here the assessor can recommend ways of improvement and log, what agreements have been made with the learner and set deadline. The assessor needs to cross reference the leaner work with the assessment criteria to ensure the leaner work and evidence is valid and proves that the leaner is competent in the unit. DEFINE THE KEY CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ASSESSMENT. As an assessor you will be observing what the learner are doing. Asking them question and reviewing their progress. The key concepts and principles of assessments would be  INITIAL ASSESSMENT The result of the initial assessment will provide the assessor with information of any previous knowledge or experience on the subject to be assessed. The information can be obtained through application form and interviews. This will help the assessor, assess the learner on any specific requirements their learner may need (I.e. their learning style or any further training they may need. ASSESSMENT PLANNING Planning a suitable types and method of assessment with the learner. Setting appropriate target dates. Always involving other colleagues or supervisors. ASSESSMENT ACTIVITY Observation and questioning the learning. Completing assignments. Writing statements or gathering appropriate evidence of competence .Assessments can be on going or summative at the end. ASSESSMENT DECISION AND FEEDBACK Giving constructive feedback. Always supporting your learner and agreeing and further action that may be needed. Making records of what was assessed and the decision made should always be maintained. REVIEW PROGRESS The assessment plan of the learner can be reviewed updated at any time unit the learner completes . reviewing progress with the learning will give the assessor the opportunity to discuss any other issues that may be relevant to their progress. Assessment activities will give you the opportunity to amend them if necessary. EXPLAIN THE RESONSIBILITIES OF THE ASSESSOR The main role of an assessor is to assess their learner in relation to the agreed criteria to enable the learner to become qualified in their subject. The assessor responsibilities include planning assessment, giving learner feedback, assessing the learner knowledge and understanding of the subject .keeping accurate records. There will be certain records and documents that the assessor will need to maintain. These will include assessment plans. Feedback records and review of progress and overall track sheets. All record must be maintained to organisational and regulatory requirements. An assessor should also store confidential documents and audio or video records that include learner.

Emotional devleopment in children Essay -- essays research papers

Emotional development is a major factor in the overall development of a child. It is believed that emotional and social development are very closely entwined. Child experts and psychologists agree that emotions are vital in a child’s life and to be able to promote a healthy social development a child must learn how to correctly find solutions to interpersonal problems. Moreover, research shows when parents display higher levels of warmth and positive interaction children are more likely to exhibit social competence, higher self-esteem, and emotional understanding.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Play is an important part of emotional-social development. Play can act as a way for children to reveal their innermost feelings and express thought. As defined by the text, play is â€Å"voluntary activities done for enjoyment or recreation that are not performed for any sake beyond themselves.† Children move through different levels of play as they mature. One form of play which scientists have become increasingly interested in is imaginative play. With imagination children learn how to be creative. Many children between ages 3-5 create imaginary friends for themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though play is often accepted and encouraged by western industrialized cultures it often times is not accepted by families of other cultures. Parents of such westernized cultures tend to support freedom of expression, independence, individuality, etc., known as individualism. On the other ha...

Gypsum Seting Time

g [pic] Faculty of engineering Civil engineering department ENCS 314 Building material lab Experiment No. 15&16 â€Å"Determination of water content used to prepare gypsum samples and the determination of the final setting for gypsum† Prepared by: Rasha Abed 1031107 Partners: Hazem No'man 1060155 Mohammed Hashlamoun 1060173 Ehab Alawi 1051449 Instructor: Ms. Randa Al- Asmar Date of experiment: 25-03-2008 Date of submitting: 01-04-2008 â€Å"Determination of water content used to prepare standardized gypsum samples and the determination of the final setting for gypsum† Introduction:In civil engineering, gypsum plays a role as a building material that contributes to many products such as cement and plaster. In this experiment, we investigated some properties considering hardening of gypsum, such as the standard water content and setting time. Aim of the experiment: – Determination of the proper water content to prepare gypsum paste samples – Determination of the final setting time for gypsum paste. Theory: Standard water content: amount of water added to gypsum to form a paste that'd allow the pointer of Vicat's apparatus to descend to a point (30-32) mm above the base of the mold.Setting time of Gypsum: the amount of time that passes from the moment of adding water to the gypsum paste (would be already determined); to the moment that Vicat's needle would descend to reach 3 mm above the base of the mold. Apparatus: †¢ Determination of the water content: – Vicat apparatus – Balance – Metal tray – Graduated cylinder †¢ Determination of the setting time for gypsum: – Vicat's apparatus (the pointer is replaced by Vicat's needle of 10 mm diameter. – Stop watch Procedure: †¢ Determination of the water content: . A 200 gm sample of gypsum is prepared, and put over a plate, to be added with a specified amount of water. 2. The gypsum is mixed thoroughly with water for 3 minutes, to form a moist paste. 3. A part of the paste is poured in the Vicat's mold, until the mold is filled completely with the paste and the surface of the mold is rimmed. 4. Vicat's mold is applied on the base of Vicat's device. The pointer of the device is adjusted to just touch the surface of the mold, then left to fall freely under the influence of its weight. . The reading of Vicat's pointer is taken. This reading indicates the depth that the pointer has reached above the base of the mold. 6. The experiment is repeated using a new sample each time; until the standard water content is reached (Vicat's needle would reach a height of (30-32) mm above the base of the mold. †¢ Determination of the setting time for gypsum: 1. A 200 gm sample of gypsum is prepared. The amount of water determined in the previous experiment is added to the sample. 2.The gypsum is mixed thoroughly with water for 3 minutes, to form a moist paste, and then part of the paste is poured in the Vicat's mold, until the mold is filled completely with the paste and the surface of the mold is rimmed. 3. Vicat's mold is applied on the base of Vicat's device. The needle of the device is adjusted to just touch the surface of the mold, then left to fall freely under the influence of its weight. 4. The reading of the device's pointer is taken, until we reach a reading of 3mm. 5. The time needed for the needle of the device would descend to a height of 3mm above the base of the mold is recorded using a stop watch.Data and calculations: |measured depth |The amount |Trial no. | |from the base (mm) |of added water (%) | | |39 |48 |1 | |34 |49 |2 | |35 |48. |3 | |32 |50 |4 | |50 |Standard water content (%) | |4. 16 |setting time (minutes) | Conclusion:As we can see from the results, the standard water content needed to prepare a standard gypsum paste = 50%, and we obtained a setting time = 4. 16, which compared to other building materials considered quick hardening. This advantage increases the role of gyps um as a component in Portland cement and plaster industry. [1] Engineering use: Gypsum is considered very valuable from the economical and industrial side, since it can be found a lot in nature. It can be used to manufacture plaster moldings (ceramic industry and engineering industry).Also gypsum plays apart in cement industry (for example: Gypsum cement and Portland cement). Many new techniques have been developed get benefit from gypsum and Portland cement. these techniques uses both the advantages of gypsum (early hardening, high early strength, enhanced workability) and Portland cement (improved durability in moist conditions), but are free of the deleterious effect of ettringite and thaumasite, which are formed when gypsum and Portland cement interact. Such properties enhance the workability of cement. [2][3]References: [1]: http://www. sciencedirect. com/science? _ob=ArticleURL=B6V2G-4BRRGD8-2=10=1==search=d=c=C000050221=1=0=10=4e71cbde7aba9b4d1338fea79920ab39 [2]: http://www. sciencedirect. com/science? _ob=ArticleURL=B6TWG-40GRJTP-7=10=1==search=d=c=C000050221=1=0=10=5c7ed60e8eed63f2ad9c9a5412b00080 [3]: http://www. apitco. org/Profiles/Gypsum%20based%20building%20materials. pdf

How Does My Interpersonal Communication Shield Impact My Everyday Communication Skills Essay

Being able to participate and take part in this project was very interesting. It gave me a chance to look at how others view me, how I view myself, and what influences me to be the person that I am. I’ve always been a nice and hardworking person. I love to help people, and I try to stay very positive even when situations present themselves to seem impossible. My family and friends along with my boyfriend all help influence the attitude that I have towards life. I’m a very open person in social situations, but I can also be very guarded about my personal life. I’ve always had a pretty decent self-esteem. I try not to allow others the satisfaction of forcing me to come out of my comfort zone and ruin my self-esteem. I try to stay out of situations that may make me feel bad about myself. I believe that my interpersonal communication shield impacts my everyday communication skills. From the nurturing people that surround me on a daily basis to influence me to stay positive and always be myself, to my defense against destructive cultural beliefs that help me stay encouraged to always be positive. I am most definitely impacted by my shield. There are also many things that I don’t know about myself, such as particular body language. I do many things that I don’t notice but someone else may notice subconsciously. This is in my hidden self these could be negative or positive. But I do know that they are reflections of how I really feel at times. In my private life I can be like a wall, I’m extremely guarded about my feelings and my business. I can easily self-disclose to my family and close friends as well as my boyfriend, although it is a lot harder for me to self-disclose with strangers and distant friends and associates. I can be a loner at times but I use my self- affirming statements to stay positive and keep my head up when I can’t rely on others to influence my attitude. They have always been a good resource when I feel by myself and need some positivity.

Course Project Rough Draft Essays

Course Project Rough Draft Essays Course Project Rough Draft Essay Course Project Rough Draft Essay I have learned a batch in accomplishing ends. clip penchants. and tracts of acquisition ; analyze statements. types of thought. reading and information literacy. convey something new to taking notes. explores types of memory. diverseness. communicating and stress direction. pull offing money and contemplations so I can be successful in my instruction. In this category I have been giving good tips on every facet on condemnable justness. It besides makes me cognize that it is to larn all the of import information in the category so I can success in my instruction. I am a Verbal-Linguistic and more of a reader/writer so ocular individual. I have learned all the terminals and out of condemnable justness. This category has benefited me in every facet in my life. I am non merely motivated to do a difference in the communities. but besides motivated to fall in the ranks of a new household. I chose this way because I have ever enjoyed the thought of work outing state of affairss. I can candidly state I can’t imagine myself making anything else because I am highly fascinated by the function and strength of these Fieldss. Merely watching what it takes to make their occupation is singular. That’s why I love this category so much because it’s a acquisition procedure for me and my life. It makes my household so proud of me that I’m taking condemnable justness and traveling frontward with my instruction. So wholly I have to make is remain with it so I can success in this grade.

The Central Role of Lurie in Coetzees Disgrace Essay

The Central Role of Lurie in Coetzees Disgrace - Essay Example Thus, a story â€Å"speaks to† each person in a similar fashion. â€Å"By reading a moral story, a child learns how important it is to â€Å"live† a virtue and gains a deeper understanding of the moral life†( Narvaez 157). On the other hand, Ormond (47) concurs with this notion when he suggests that â€Å"from a Vygotskian perspective, gradual entry into adult activities enables children to engage in behaviors and thinking skills within their zones of proximal development.† In this case, the author’s development of character revolves around the language, the perception and the thoughts of Lurie, who appears to direct the character associated with all the aspects of character development. Against this background, this paper will discuss the central role of Lurie in the author’s development of different characters throughout the book. The book clearly presents the position of men and women as well as sex and the disgrace that comes with it. The author writes these ideas through the eyes of Lurie, where the reader is exposed to his spoken dialogue as well as the unspoken thoughts – which portray his discourse, desire and passions. Even though the novel is written in third person, the language, perceptions and the thoughts of Lurie dominate the narrative, which shows that character development for all others is filtered through that of Lurie. However, exposure to Lurie’s person does not present intimacy; so much as it portrays his isolation. Through the story, Coetzee represents different characters through that of Lurie. For example, he presents the position of all others – through the subjective outlook of Lurie. However, this is not entirely true; as it appears that his shallow outlook of women is what has caused his two previous divorces and his inability to connect with women. This leads to the contrast that he is

Michael Collins movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Michael Collins - Movie Review Example The British government had ruled the country for over 700 years and the cruelty with which it subjected the rule in the country made them revolt into armed resistance. However, what aggravated the situation more was the killing of a group of Irish rebels who had staged a six-day siege at Dublin’s General Post Office. Among the rebels in the group, only one of them survived the attack, De Valera who was an American citizen of Irish blood. All the other rebels succumbed to shootings in the execution. When a number of De Valera’s supporters are arrested and imprisoned, one of them, Michael Collins walked out of jail with the belief that a new approach was needed to free Ireland from the British rule. He and several other volunteers organized armed resistance by using a combination of terrorists’ acts of violence and guerrilla warfare. The movie is based at the first and fourth stages of insurgency. The first stage of insurgency is characterized by initial use of ter rorism acts in fighting before their increase in numbers to get the capacity to stage a guerrilla fight. If the rebels succeed with their terrorism, they receive support from other angry men and women who form similar groups and join in the fight. The reaction of the dominant government is disruption of lives and hurting the innocent people. This stage is marked in the movie by the use of a combination of terrorism acts of violence and guerrilla war tactics. The various groups attacked the British military in the regions where it showed signs of weakness. The rebels also used informants, with Collins having a key inside informant who gave them crucial information on the plans of the British military. Despite the violent war that they faced from the British, the rebels remained focused and fought with undeterred determination to secure their freedom. Stage four of an insurgency is characterized by the departure of foreigners, while the local surrogates give-up power. The guerrilla fi ghters become superfluous while the leaders of the insurgency become leaders of the government. In the movie, this stage is demonstrated by the announcement of the British government’s willingness to negotiate with the fighters. This lead to the group led by Collins to consider negotiations and bring the war to end. When the negotiations began, radicals such as Collins loosened their view of the war and rebellion when they realized that the violence was causing numerous deaths to innocent people. Collins himself wanted negations to start while the likes of De Valera felt that negotiations were not the best way to go in the struggle to secure Ireland’s freedom. The agreement was that the final political control would be left in the arms of the British, which was an indication of a crucial journey, according to Collins, in achieving true freedom of the people. The rivalry between the two rebel leaders caused violence among the pro-and anti-treaty group factions. The movi e used a guerrilla type of insurgency, where the rebels used armed rebellion against the British authority instituted in Ireland. The rebels organized themselves into groups of volunteer guerrilla fighters, who staged armed war against the dominating British rule. They opted to attack the weakest points of the British military, thereby weakening its forces the country. With the help

The Impact Of The Repeal Of Dont Ask Dont Tell Policies On Military Research Paper

The Impact Of The Repeal Of Dont Ask Dont Tell Policies On Military Families - Research Paper Example As the military grapples with the issue of changes in policy, the sociological effects will also be an issue. The nature of the policy, however, has been a failure causing problems within the secrecy that has been created. Change has become necessary in order to facilitate a safer, and more enlightened environment in which the military can move past this issue and make it a non-issue, a standard of acceptance in which sexual orientation is a moot point, but conduct is standard for all personnel who accept that their sexual nature must be kept out of their service. Through aggressively taking down the level of sexual harassment and eliminating sexual displays of dominance, the military can become a more solid and unified organization in which men and women are safe and honorably treated with respect. The following study through secondary research will examine the nature of the ‘don’t ask don’t tell’ policy and the ways in which the repeal is a necessary meas ure. Through understanding the ways in which the sociological nature of the military will undergo changes, this will be related to the ways in which the repeal of the law will impact military families. ... he ‘don’t ask don’t tell policy, creating a background for the controversy and then relating the information to the effect that the repeal of this policy will have on military families. As the issue is intertwined with those who support political factions that support the ‘family values’ platform, the new policies and philosophies that will be included in the sociology of military life will have some form of impact on families within the military. The paper will be structured with a history of the military philosophies on homosexuality and the consequences of those philosophies. The research will reveal the way in which the policy was successful and unsuccessful, thus creating context from which to determine how the repeal of the policy will affect members of the military. Finally, the paper will make a brief exploration of the ways in which homosexual openness has affected family life in the United States, including the effects that other social poli cy changes in regard to homosexuality has effected sociological structures and experiences within society. The paper will conclude with a discussion of all of the elements of the research, providing an in-depth analysis of the topic. The research will be approached through secondary methods of study, the relevant literature searched in order to find contributing information to the topic. The first method of research will be conducted through Google Books, where relevant key words will be put into a the search in order to find relatable information. The nature of the discovered work will be put into context with the reliability of the information. Not all of the information that is used will be from reliable sources as some of the search will entail finding controversial opinions, but those pieces will be

History 1112 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

History 1112 - Essay Example reatest of the social changes that occurred out of these contacts and interactions between the continents is colonization, where the Western/central Europe sought to colonize America and Africa, in search for resources, free labor and settlements (Prak, 41). Slavery is yet another social change that occurred, resulting to the shipment of Africans from their continent to Europe and America to provide the required free labor. A range of economic changes also took place as a result of these contacts. The first notable economic change that occurred following the contacts is industrialization, which was majorly promoted by the availability of labor and raw material which could easily be sourced from America and Africa and then shipped to Europe (Prak, 60). Infrastructural development is yet the other economic change that occurred as a result of the contacts, where the Europeans had to construct infrastructural facilities in their colonies both in Africa and America, as well as at home to enhance the transportation of labor as well as raw materials required by the established

Campylobacter Infection Symptoms

Campylobacter Infection Symptoms The species Campylobacter is part of the family Campylobacteriaceae and contains 16 species. The Campylobacter spp. is one of the most common agents of bacterial gastroenteritis (campylobacteriosis) in Europe, with 1% of the European population becoming infected each year   (around nine million infections annually in the European Union (EFSA, 2011)), costing the EU economy approximately â‚ ¬2.4 billion (EFSA, 2012; Humphrey et al., 2007) whilst in the USA it costs the economy $2.9bn (Batz et al., 2011). Whilst globally is responsible for 400-500 million cases of diarrhoea yearly (9). Over 90% of all human Campylobacter infections are instigated by C. jejuni and C. coli, both of which can be found easily in the environment, wild birds, and mammals. All campylobacter species have one polar unsheathed flagellum at one or both ends of the cell except Campylobacter gracilis (which is non-motile) and Campylobacter showae (which has multiple flagella), C. jejuni is a Gram-negative, curved rod gastrointestinal pathogen that uses polar flagella for motility and is a major cause of human gastroenteritis across throughout the world. It was first identified in 1972 however specific isolation from humans and animals was not achieved until 1979 (Butzler and Skirrow, 1979; Dekeyser et al., 1972). Campylobacter jejuni is a foodborne pathogen and a leading cause of enteritis in humans and has the ability to cause significant mortality in the children of developing nations. Human infection is a result of ingestion of food sources such as meat, milk and water contaminated with C. jejunicontaminated resulting in diarrheal disease. When infected with some strains of C. jejuni the risk of developing Guillain-Barr`e syndrome(GBS) increases. Although C. jejuni is normally a gut colonizer, there has been some strains found to be have hypervirulent sites and so may be able to move across intestinal epithelium, creating bacteraemia and systemic infections (13). As well as being a foodborne illness, C. jejuni also has the ability to be a primary etiological agent for ruminant abortion (14). Recently, it has been reported that there is some forms of an antibiotic resistance developing as well as a the development of a hypervirulent clone of C. jejuni in the United States (15). The mechanism by which C. jejuni causes human infection and survives within the host isnt fully understood, although it is believed to be a multifactorial process involving motility, attachment, colonisation, toxin production and invasion (Bolton, 2015; Wassenaar and Blaser, 1999). The Campylobacter species are of a particular research interest as they consistently cause the highest number of confirmed foodborne bacterial infections in developed countries. Symptoms of infection: After exposure to C. jejuni, the bacterium firstly colonises the lower intestinal tract (ileum, jejunum, and colon) usually without causing any symptoms. In the majority of symptomatic cases, campylobacteriosis is a self-limiting disease and will present as 1-3 days of prodromal symptoms with leukocytes, fever, vomiting, and headaches followed by 3-7 days of watery or bloody diarrhoea with abdominal pain. There is a lot of variation in the severity of the illness, it can range from a mild case of the disease to dehydration that could require hospitalisation. Recently it has been thought Campylobacter enteritis could be a risk factor for the development of inflammatory bowel disease (Garcia Rodriguez et al., 2006). Diagnosis is made with direct or enriched culturing of stool samples or rectal swabs on selective media containing blood under microaerobic conditions at 42-C. C. jejuni−infected individuals may be treated with antibiotics such as erythromycin or ciprofloxacin, however it is rarely needed (Allos, 2001; Blaser, 1990). Best treatment includes fluid replacement. The effectiveness of the pathogen is dependent on the immune status of the host as well as the virulence characteristics of the Campylobacter strain. In a minority of individuals Campylobacter infection is a precursor of more serious illness, including immunoreactive complications such as Guillian-Barre Syndrome (GBS) and Millere Fisher Syndrome (MFS), a chronic and potentially fatal form of paralysis (EFSA, 2011).

Prescription narcotics Essay -- essays research papers

The Need for Restrictions â€Å"Why there should be stricter regulations on the availability of prescription narcotics† Despite efforts to decrease the number of deaths and overdoses related to narcotic medications, such as OxyContin, and minimize the number of people illegally obtaining them, the measures that the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) in specific are taking are not enough. The literal definition of a narcotic is a drug that produces numbness or stupor; often taken for pleasure or to reduce pain; extensive use can lead to addiction. Narcotics are normally prescription medications that are given to patients to help ease the constant pain cause by cancer or other long term illnesses. â€Å"When one in 10 high school senior’s reports abusing prescription painkillers, the DEA is obligated to protect our children and the public safety† says Karen P. Tandy administrator of the DEA(1). Tandy is saying that when the abuse of prescription pain medication is taking over that many students the DEA must step in for the sake of future generations. There is a long process that not many average Americans know about that all pharmaceutical products, especially addictive medications have to go through before they reach home medicine cabinets. This process is called â€Å"Diversion†. It is an important chain like process that the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration) have been using for years to look at where highly addictive drugs, like OxyContin, go and who they come into contact with. From the pharmaceutical company that literally make the product, to the drug wholesalers that sell the product, and then into the hands of doctors and pharmacies who prescri be and distribute the medications. The purpose of diversion is to take the information and look for certain situations where drugs were lost, stolen, or illegally distributed and give proper punishment to those people. The problem of abusing prescription narcotics became noticeably out of control in the 1990’s. The problem lies in the fact that it is 2005 and the numbers of overdoses and deaths have been and are still rising at astonishing rates. An argument however, that many people have about advancing restrictions on OxyContin and other schedule 2 narcotics is that the needed process that one might have to go through in order to properly obtain the drug would be an ‘invasion of privacy.† Some believe that reportin... ...rs†¦the number of patients in motor vehicle crashes who are ‘methadone impaired,’† says John H. Burton, MD Medical Director for Maine Emergency Medical Services.(3) To think that the problem of abusing any kind of drug would just disappear with one solution is naive and absurdly optimistic. However, to think that all the DEA is doing right now to prevent harmfully addictive and destructive medications is enough is plain ignorant. The DEA has made substantial progress toward making OxyContin and other prescribed narcotics less available for abusers. But first hand accounts and shocking statistics prove that these measures are clearly not enough. It is true and will always be true that free will is a legitimate part of this equation. The abuse of any kind of drug is almost guaranteed to be present at all times no matter how hard the government tries. If a person wants it they will have it. The fact also remains that people with addictions cannot control themselves or their addictions, that’s why it is called an addiction. Therefore making it the partial obligation of the DEA and the government to not only recognize this desperate need for r estrictions but do something more about it.

Effect of Incorporation of Carrot Powder in Wheat Flour Essay

Effect of Incorporation of Carrot Powder in Wheat Flour for the Preparation of Stick Noodles Kripa Shakya1 and Anup Halwai2 1. College of Applied Food and Dairy Technology,Kathamndu, Nepal 2. Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Kathamndu, Nepal krips16@hotmail. com Abstract Noodles were prepared by incorporating carrot powder in the percentage of 5, 10, 15 and 20 in wheat flour. The main objective of the work was to prepare the nutritious noodle enriched with Vitamin A. Sensory evaluation of the carrot powder incorporated stick noodles revealed that the product prepared with 5% carrot powder and 95% wheat flour was found to be most acceptable. The chemical analysis of the most acceptable product were found out to be 10. 8% moisture, 0. 6% fat, 10. 3 % crude protein, 0. 7% crude fiber,1. 7% total ash, 0. 1% acid insoluble ash, 75. 8% carbohydrate and 12166 I. U. Vitamin A content. Keywords: Noodle, wheat flour, carrot powder, Vitamin A 1. Introduction: Noodles are among the oldest forms of the processed foods consumed in Asia and other parts of the world (Hou, 2001). Noodles can be prepared from wheat flour alone and/or in combination with other ingredients such as rice flour, buckwheat and mung bean.. In the noodle preparation, a crumbly dough is formed which is then passed through a series of rolls to form a sheet. The sheet is then slit to produce noodles (Hou, 2001). Carrot (Daucus carota) is a root vegetable, usually orange or red- white blend in color with crisp texture when fresh. Carrot gets its characteristic and bright orange color from ? – carotene, which is metabolized into vitamin A in human when bile salts are present in the intestines. Carrots are also rich in dietary fiber, and antioxidants. Carrot can also promote colon health as it is rich in fiber. Vitamin A deficiency remains widespread in many countries in South Asia and contributes to a significant proportion of preventable blindness (Bloem, 1997). Vitamin A supplementation can reduce the risk of blindness in case of the children (Hennig et al. 1991). In Nepal, two types of noodles are consumed. They are stick (sinke) noodle and instant noodle. In case of instant noodle, different ingredients and nutrients has been added to improve the nutrient content and to increase the consumer appeal such as iron, calcium and vitamin A and different flavors like spinach, chicken and vegetables. But, to the best of my knowledge, in case of noodles, no such studies have been conducted. The main objective of this research is to prepare the noodle enriched with Vitamin A and to analyze its chemical composition of the product. 2. Materials and methods: The raw materials used for the noodle making for wheat flour, carrot powder and salt. Five samples of stick noodles were prepared and labeled A (0% carrot powder and 100% wheat flour), B (5% carrot powder and 95% wheat flour), C (10% carrot powder and 90% wheat flour), D (15% carrot powder and 85% wheat flour) and E (20% carrot powder and 80% wheat flour). Wheat flour was cleaned by passing through a fine sieve screen. Fresh carrots were washed with potable water, sliced, dried at 100Â ±2 ? C for 6 hours. The dried carrots were then powdered in the grinder. Salt was bought from the local market. The method involved cleaning of raw materials, sieving, mixing, of water, kneading, sheeting, cutting, drying and packaging. The raw materials were weighed and mixed manually. 1% of salt was added to the mixture. The required amount of water (33%) was added to the flour. The mixture was kneaded manually to form dough and then left for 30 minutes. The dough was passed through rollers to obtain a sheet. Then it was passed through the cutter to cut into strips. The noodles were dried at a low humidity room for 3 days and then sun drying was done for 1 hour. The products were packed in a plastic bag to protect from the moisture absorption and also to extend its shelf-life. Sensory evaluation of the five noodles samples were performed. Ten panelists were asked to score for the quality attributes viz. , color, flavor, texture and taste in order of their preference according the 9-point Hedonic rating test described by Ranganna (1994). Chemical analyses were performed for the best sample from the sensory evaluation The moisture content and ash content were determined as per AOAC method (1995)Fat rude fiber content and protein content were determined as per Ranganna, 1994. Vitamin content was determined by HPLC as prescribed by Pharmacopeia, 1985. The product was also tested for physical properties such as length, color, edge and thickness. The cooking quality of the product was also determined in terms of cooking time, water absorption capacity, volume expansion and cooking loss as per Poudyal, 1988. 3. Results and Discussions The moisture content of the wheat flour was determined as 12. 2% and its gluten content was determined as 10%. To make noodles, the wheat flour containing 10-12% gluten is suitable. The quality of the wheat flour to make noodles depend on the gluten. If the gluten content is low, there is chance of breakage of noodles. Similarly, the moisture content of the carrot powder was determined as 9. 5%. Sample A with 5% carrot powder had the highest score in terms of quality attributes although the quality attributes among other products except product D (with 20% carrot powder) were not significantly different. (p=0. 05) In case of stick noodle, according to Nepal Standard, the moisture content must not exceed 12. 5%. The moisture content of both type of noodle is less than 12. 5% and there is no big difference between the moisture content of the two products. The protein content of stick noodle must not be less than 8% on dry basis. The protein content of plain noodle was found to be 10. 2% and that of carrot noodle was found to be 10. 3%. There was not much difference in the protein content because the protein content in carrot is very low. Fat is an energy giving constituent. Fat content of the plain noodle was found to be 0. 6% and that of carrot noodle was found to be 0. 6%. The fiber content of the plain noodle was found to be 0. 35% and that of carrot noodle was found to be 0. 7%. The fiber content in high in carrot.

Matters of Life and Death Essay

In a new book, A Miracle and a Privilege, Dr Francis Moore, 81, of Harvard Medical School, discusses a lifetime of grappling with the issue of when to help a patient die. An excerpt: Doctors of our generation are not newcomer to this question. Going back to my internship days, I can remember many patients in pain, sometimes in coma or delirious, with late, hopeless cancer. For many of them, we wrote an order for heavy medication – morphine by the clock. This was not talked about openly and little was written about it. It was essential, not controversial The best way to bring the problem into focus is to describe two patients whom I cared for. The first, formerly a nurse, had sustained a fractured pelvis in an automobile accident. A few day later her lungs seemed to fill up, her urine stopped, her heart developed dangerous rhythm disturbances. So there she was: in coma, on dialysis, on a breathing machine, her heartbeat maintained with an electrical device. One day after rounds, my secretary said the husband and son of the patient wanted to see me. They told me their wife and mother was obviously going to die, she was a nurse and had told her family that she never wanted this kind of terrible death, being maintained by machines. I told them that while I respected their view, there was nothing intrinsically lethal about her situation. The kidney failure she had was just the kind for which the artificial kidney was most effective. While possibly a bit reassured, they were disappointed. Here was the head surgeon, seemingly determined to keep everybody alive, no matter what When patients start to get very sick, they often seem to fall apart all at once. The reverse is also true. Within a few days, the patient’s pacemaker could be removed, and she awoke from her coma. About six months later I was again in my office. The door opened and in walked a gloriously fit woman. After some cheery words of appreciation, the father and son asked to speak to me alone. As soon as the door closed, both men became quite tearful. All that came out was, â€Å"We want you to know how wrong we were† The second patient was an 85-year-old lady whose hair caught fire while she was smoking. She arrived with a deep burn, I knew it would surely be fatal. As a remarkable coincidence, there was a similar going on at the time in medical ethics, given by the wife of an official of our university. She asked me if I had any sort of ethical problem I could bring up for discussion. I described the  case and asked the students their opinion. After the discussion, I made a remark that was, in retrospect, a serious mistake. I said, â€Å"I’ll take the word back to the nurses about her, and we will talk about it some more before we decide†. The instructor and the students were shocked: â€Å"You mean this is a real patient?† The teacher of ethics was not accustomed to being challenged by reality. In any event, I went back and met with the nurses.  A day or two later, when she was making no progress and was suffering terribly, we began to back off treatment. When she complained of pain, we gave her plenty of morphine. A great plenty. Soon she died quietly and not in pain. As a reasonable physician, you had better move ahead and do what you would want done for you. And don’t discuss it with the world first. There is a lesson here for everybody.