Benedict Arnold Essay

Benedict Arnold was a Revolutionary Hero that had a big affect on winning the war. He had boosted many of the soldiers moral during the war with his successful raids. Moral could be considered a reason for the Americans winning the war because it kept them going through there up and downs. To begin my essay, I’ll start it with a brief summary on Arnold, so the reader will understand who he really was. Benedict Arnold was born on January 14,1741 in Norwich, Connecticut. His ancestors William Arnold and his family who left England because of religious persecution were the first Arnold’s in New England. Arnold’s family background was well respected and was know to have some wealth. Arnold received his education at Canterbury. Benedict was a romantic, adventurous, excessively proud and sensitive, ruled by impulse rather then principal. Arnold was employed at a drug store in Norwich until 1762,where he moved to New Haven establishing himself in business. He owned a considerable amount of land, was involved in the West India Trade and sometimes even commanding his own ships. On February22nd, 1767 he married Margaret Mansfield. With Margaret he had three sons, Benedict, Richard, and Henry. Benedict’s wife died on June 19th 1775. George Washington greatly liked Benedict Arnold and trusted him a lot, so he let Arnold and Ethan Allen try to invade Canada. The conditions were harsh and those conditions set a big problem for Arnold. Some Arnold’s men left and took many of the supplies they had to survive but he still had kept his men strong. The main problem toward Arnold’s army was the rain, snow, mud and especially hunger. Benedict finally reached St. Lawrence with 600 of his men, and he was commended for his success. Arnold tried to capture Quebec, but heavy rainstorms prevented Arnold and his army to move for three days. He then led two-attack n these two forts Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which Arnold had captured. These two successful captures had boost moral and many men confidence to keep on fighting. Benedict Arnold even made the British retreat when they attempted to attack Connecticut. Later on Benedict volunteered to take control of Fort Schuyler. He tricked the British into thinking he was coming with an army force of hundreds of thousands American Soldiers, when in reality he only had about a thousand. He then entered the fort and it was empty. Arnold signed the Oath of Allegiance to his country on May 30th, 1778. Arnold signed it at Artillery Park in Valley Forge. After getting rid of the British in Philadelphia, Washington gave Benedict the command of the city. By May of 1779 Arnold began bargaining with the British. Arnold was offered over 10,000 pounds and a commission in the British Army. The bounty Arnold had put up was West Point. Arnold began conversing with Major John Andre from the British Army. John Andrea was the middleman between Arnold and Sir Henry Clinton regarding the closing of the deal. Andre was sent back to the British lines with some documents in his sock from Arnold. Andre was captured and placed in American custody. After the documents were found, Arnold heard and escaped. John Andre was killed for a spy. The British gave Arnold money, land in Canada, pensions for himself, his wife and kids, and a spot in the British military as a Brigadier General. Arnold then was never given an important military command. Benedict Arnold finally died in 1801. Arnold was a great man who was devoted to his country. He had given all his life, strength and respect for his country but never received any of that back. He was highly made fun of by many people, including Generals and people in congress. He also wasn’t getting paid as well either. All those factors had finally broke Arnold and he couldn’t take all the disrespect from his amazing accomplishments for the United States. The decision leading him to become know as a traitor shouldn’t let his great achievements for the United States of America go to waste. He should have been honored for what he did for his country then disgraced. Arnold was a brilliant leader in the continental army, leading to many victories for the United States. His uncommon bravery had really showed a great impression on all the soldiers, boosting their morals even more. †Arnold dedicated himself to the Revolutionary cause, sacrificing family life, health, and financial well-being for a conflict that left him physically crippled, sullied by false accusations, and profoundly alienated from the American cause of liberty.† Arnold can be considered one of the best American Generals during the fight for independence. He was very well known for that and respected. Though congress would never give him his deserved promotions. Now as we learn about Arnold, we are never taught of what he did but instead of his treasury. Arnold really didn’t turn on his country but the country had turned on him for not noticing his great achievements for the fight for independence. The only honor that was rewarded to Arnold was the â€Å"Boot monument† where he had fought the Battle of Saratoga. He wasn’t rewarded for his great accomplishment but just rewarded for a wounded leg. Congress though had never motivated Arnold and always picked on him. Arnold was simple; he was a man with great honor who fought for independence and to keep his family name respected. Arnolds father was arrested for over drinking according to Jim Murphy, and his family name had lost much respect. So Arnold a confident, and strong man devoted his life to gain much of his family respect back. He had joined the group called â€Å"The Freemasons† who had requirements to become a memberâ€Å"From the first to the last . . . the first condition to be fulfilled is to Have a reputation of unsullied honor and probity.† Arnold was hoping to gain much of his respect through his membership in this group but was highly disrespected. Arnold being the confident men he is, just ignored it and attended the meetings. His own people simply constantly neglected Arnold. Arnold was asked to capture Fort Ticonderoga, so he did what he was told. He had captured the Fort without a fight, but only making the British there to surrender. He was given little to no credit for this amazing accomplishment that he led. Allen, a General as well, wrote to congress that he captured the fort without Arnold mentioned much. Allen in his letter as well mentioned other soldiers that didn’t do anything over Arnold. After the capture, Allen and his men taking their chance during the situation by looting and partying. Arnold trying to tell congress the true story was denied. Now Arnold began getting mistreated by congress for all his achievements. As he was then assigned to attack Canada, he did but unsuccessfully. He was wounded but rewarded greatly for his attempt and courage. Arnolds respect began to change. Major General Horatio Gate gave him control of Crown Point. As commander of the new fort, he had to defend Lake Champlain. He defended it greatly with a small fleet and army but was unsuccessfully able to keep it. His brilliancy came into play when he retreated perfectly back to the fort saving a lot of men. This accomplishment ranked up Arnold. Washington became to notice and trust Arnold. They were becoming great friends and there trust grew with them. The jealous man by the name of Gates grew as Arnold accomplished many achievements. A letter by Arnolds enemy stating that Arnold being a coward retreated, even though his fleet was bigger then the British. This was all false but people he once trusted started to turn on Arnold. Many started to agree, just to get Arnold the disrespected he didn’t deserve. Washington liking Arnold had been trying to promote him for his great commanding on land and water but congress refused. False accusations of Arnold started to come upon him. His own people and country were turning on him. Arnold began to question his sacrifices, loyalty and honor. Arnold was offered land, wealth and a military position in the British army, for exchange to surrender West Point. Arnold agreed but only because his country turned on him. He would never gain the respect he wanted from his own people, no matter what he did. His own country always humiliated him, even after what he gave to his country. He did many unrecognized accomplishments for the Americans. He won the Battle at Saratoga, which was the biggest turning point in the American Revolution because it finally convinced the French to send troops to our cause, who were a great aid. Benedict Arnold was an outstanding man. He was one of the first to agree with the colonist to go against Britain and one of the first to become a General of the new continental army. He easily captured many forts that boost the American moral and strength. He then was the Commander of West Point but still was constantly humiliated by his own people. His plans to gain respect back to his family name, was always failing. The truths of his victories started to become lies. The lies began to play an affect on Arnold’s character. He was fed up, so he decided to take the British offer. The offer was, he would give up West Point for land, wealth and a military position. He took it up for the reason his country mistreated him. â€Å"A variety of enemies on the American side had insulted and abused him, while others had denied him the credit due to his military skills.

Case Analysis 1: Multistate Health Corporation Essay

Describe MHC’s strategy in terms of market position. Also, identify the type of external environment MHC is operating in and the degree to which the strategy matches the environment. In this particular case study of the Multistate Health Corporation their business strategy alignment was not well suited for that of the market. They decided to focus on two objectives that would give them success and deter away from the â€Å"oversupply of bed space.† One of the objectives were to focus on technology. â€Å"The strategic planners departed from the previous strategy, opting to become a leader in the development of new health care technologies and procedures† (Effective Training 51). The other objective that they decided to align with was to improve their efficiencies in their healthcare and outpatient services. The cause of this new direction for MHC is due to the changing environment of the healthcare system and the pressures that they were receiving from the federal and state government. In order to stay competitive with other healthcare facilities, they need to be proactive and adjust their business strategies to the needs of the environment. Identify the type of structure MHC currently uses in its primary businesses. Describe the fit between the structure and the competitive strategy. Describe any structural adjustments MHC should make to maximize the effectiveness of the strategy. The way that the Multistate Health Corporation is organization is through a three-tier hierarchy. At the top of the organization is the President and CEO of the company. Underneath this position there are three regional EVPs that report to the President and CEO. Within the three regions they have their own staff that is employed across several hospitals within those regions. With the new adjustments that they are making the increase in technologies and a new focus on outpatient services, they should really readjust the organizational hierarchy by including a Research and  Development sector that would be implemented across all of the regions instead of each region creating new technologies. This would definitely maximize the effectiveness of the new competitive strategy that could be instrumented more quickly and efficiently. Identify any areas where current management KSAs are not aligned with effective implementation of the competitive strategy. There seems to be contrasting opinions in regards to the HRPS Objectives. There are three different organizational levels that had outlooks on the current situation. The first organizational level is on the corporate level, regional as the second, and divisional as the third level. The regional and divisional level felt that improving the selection and searching process was the top objective of this strategy; however, corporate felt that creating and utilizing career development was the top priority. Here are two different precedents that levels within the organization feel is the most important. Their outlook for developing this new strategic plan are not in synced with one another and may cause future predicaments in implementation and development of the plan. Another issue that has seems to involve the current management is the KSAs of these employees. â€Å"No system for evaluating the KSA required for a CEO in one part of the corporation compared with that of another. For example, the CEO in Grand Rapids has a different responsibilities compared with a CEO in Detroit, but no one at the corporate level knows what the differences are† (Effective Training 53). This is going to pose a problem because not everyone is on the same page and the competencies of these positions are not consisted between regions. There needs to be a certain set of KSAs and responsibilities based on a certain position throughout the entire organization, not based on a particular region. Having all employees equipped with the same competencies makes them more marketable within the organization.

All My Sons Play by Arthur Miller

The story described how a woman informed on her father who had sold faulty parts to the U. S. military during World War II. Henrik Ibsens influence on Miller is evidenced from the Ibsen play The Wild Duck, where Miller took the idea of two partners in a business where one is forced to take moral and legal responsibility for the other. This is mirrored in All My Sons. He also borrowed the idea of a character’s idealism being the source of a problem. [3] The criticism of the American Dream, which lies at the heart of All My Sons was one reason why Arthur Miller was called to appear before the House Un-American Activities Committee during the 1950s, when America was gripped by anti-communist hysteria. Miller sent a copy of the play to Elia Kazan who directed the original stage version of All My Sons. Kazan was a former member of the Communist Party who shared Millers left-wing views. However, their relationship was destroyed when Kazan gave names of suspected Communists to the House Un-American Activities Committee during the Red Scare. [1][4] [edit] Characters Joe Keller Joe Keller was exonerated after being charged with shipping damaged airplane cylinder heads out of his factory during WWII, inadvertently causing the deaths of 21 pilots. For three and a half years he has placed the blame on his partner and former neighbor, Steve Deever. When the truth comes out, Joe justifies his actions by claiming that he did it for his family. At the end of the play he kills himself in a sad attempt to rid his family of the problems he has caused them and perhaps also to stop Kate from hating him. Kate Keller (Mother) Kate knows that Joe is guilty but lives in denial while mourning for her elder son Larry, who has been MIA for three years. She refuses to believe that Larry is dead and maintains that Ann Deever who returns for a visit at the request of Larrys brother Chris is still Larrys girl and also believes that he is coming back. Chris Keller – Chris, 32, returned home from World War II two years before the play begins, disturbed by the realization that the world was continuing as if nothing had happened. He has summoned Ann Deever to the Keller house in order to ask her hand in marriage, but their obstacle becomes Kates unreasonable conviction that Larry will someday return. Chriss idolization of his father results in his devastation when he finds out the truth about what Joe did. Ann Deever Ann, 26, arrives at the Keller home having shunned her guilty father since his imprisonment. Throughout the play, Ann is often referred to as pretty, beautiful, and intelligent-looking. She had a relationship with Larry Keller before his disappearance, and has since moved on because she knows the truth of his fate. She hopes that the Kellers will consent to her marriage with Larrys brother, Chris, with whom she has corresponded by mail for two years. Ann soon finds out that the neighbors all believe that Joe is guilty, and eventually finds out the truth after a visit from her older brother George. Ann is the knowledge-bearer in the play: finally, unable to convince Kate that Larry is gone forever, Ann reveals a letter from Larry stating his intention to commit suicide having heard of her father’s imprisonment. George Deever – George, 31, is Ann’s older brother: a successful New York lawyer and WWII veteran, and a childhood friend of Chris. He initially believed in his father’s guilt, but upon visiting Steve in jail, realizes his innocence and becomes enraged at the Kellers for deceiving him. He returns to save his sister from her marriage to Chris, creating the catalyst that destroys the Keller family. Frank Lubey – Frank, 32, was always one year ahead of the draft, so he never served in World War II, instead staying home to marry Georges former sweetheart, Lydia. He draws up Larrys horoscope and tells Kate that Larry must still be alive, because the day he died was meant to be his favorable day. This strengthens Kates faith and makes it much harder for Ann to reveal the letter to her. Lydia Lubey Lydia, 27, was Georges love interest before the war; after he went away, she married Frank and they quickly had three children. She is a model of peaceful domesticity and lends a much-needed cheerful air to several moments of the play. Jim Bayliss – Jim is a successful doctor, but is frustrated with the stifling domesticity of his life. He wants to become a medical researcher, but continues in his job as it pays the bills. He is a close friend to the Keller family and spends a lot of time in their backyard. Sue Bayliss Sue is Jims wife: needling and dangerous but affectionate, she too is a friend of the Keller family, but is secretly resentful of what she sees as Chriss bad idealistic influence on Jim. Sue confronts Ann about her resentment of Chris in a particularly volatile scene, revealing to Ann that the neighbors all think Joe is guilty. Bert – Bert is a little boy who lives in the neighborhood; he is friends with the Bayliss son Tommy and frequently visits the Kellers yard to play jail with Joe. He only appears twice in the play. The first time he appears, his part seems pretty unimportant , but the second time he appears his character gets more important as he sparks a verbal attack from mother when mentioning jail, which highlights Joes secret. [edit] Unseen characters Larry Keller Larry has been MIA for some years at the start of the play, however he has an effect in the play through his mothers insistence that he is still alive and his brothers love for his childhood sweetheart. Comparisons are made in the story between Larry and Chris with their father describing Larry as the more sensible one with a head for business. At the end of the play, Ann reveals a letter written by Larry pronouncing him committing suicide out of shame for what his father did. Steve Deever (Peter Smell in the 1947 movie) George and Anns father. Steve is sent to prison for the shipping of faulty parts a crime which he and the successfully exonerated Keller committed. [edit] Synopsis [edit] Act I [pic] The Penguin edition of All My Sons The play begins on a Sunday in late August 1946. Joe Keller is reading the Sunday paper and talking to his neighbors, Dr. Jim Bayliss and Frank Lubey. Frank talks about a horoscope for Joes son Larry that he is compiling for Kate Keller, Joe’s wife. Jims wife, Sue, and Franks wife, Lydia, each make brief appearances. Ann Deever, the Kellers former next-door-neighbor, has come to visit the family and is asleep upstairs. While waiting for her, Joe and Chris talk about Larrys memorial tree, which has blown down during the night. Larry was reported missing during World War II and is presumed dead, as there has been no contact with him for more than three years. Kate clings to the hope that he will come back, but Chris feels that it is wrong to keep up such a pretence for her. Bert comes by to play jail with Joe and runs off to patrol the neighborhood. Chris admits to his father that he wants to marry Ann; however, Ann was Larry’s girlfriend before he served in World War II, and since Kate does not believe Larry to be dead, Ann is still technically Larrys girl. By marrying Ann, Chris is effectively pronouncing Larry dead, so Joe fears that Kate will object to the proposal of marriage. Kate emerges and describes her nightmare from the evening before; it is about Larry falling from his plane and crying her name. She objects when Chris tells her that the family should try to forget Larry. Kate admits to Joe that she is suspicious about why Ann has come to visit; she tells him that she knows that Ann believes with her that Larry is still alive, and tells Joe that he must keep believing also. Bert reappears, but is harshly banished by Kate. When Ann finally comes down, everyone talks about how beautiful and mature she looks, and the family engages in smalltalk until Kate asks Ann if she is still waiting for Larry. Ann says that she is not, and realizes for the first time how deeply Kates hope runs. It is revealed that Steve Deever, Ann’s father, is serving time for the deaths of 21 pilots who crashed over Australia due to the faulty cylinder heads shipped out by the Keller/Deever factory in 1943. Keller insists that it was Steves crime and recalls how he successfully appealed against his conviction for the crime while Steve remained in prison. Keller reacts strongly to Anns conviction that her father is guilty. Ann has refused all contact with her father since Larry was reported missing, and insists that her fathers actions may have related to Larrys death. When Chris and Ann are left alone in the yard, they reveal their love for each other; however, Ann senses that Chris seems somehow ashamed, and asks him to tell her about it so their relationship can be an honest one. Chris recounts his experience of losing his company during a battle in the War. He is still angry that at home, life has continued as normal, and this affects his ability to accept the gift of having Ann. Joe emerges and tells Ann that her brother George is on the phone from Columbus. Joe tells Chris that he mustnt feel ashamed of the family money; then Ann comes out and reveals that George is coming back to the house after visiting his father in prison for the first time, and Joe is clearly worried. [edit] Act II As they come out, Chris is removing Larrys fallen tree and the family is inside getting ready for dinner. Kate confides in Chris Kellers concern that George may bring up the case again, and says she wont live through it if he does. Ann emerges and is met with Kates acerbic wit and Chriss assurance that they will tell her of their marriage plans tonight. Sue Bayliss interrupts Anns solo reverie by searching for Jim, and they share a drink of juice. Sue asks Ann to move away from the area if she and Chris marry because Chris’ idealism is negatively affecting her husband Jim. Jim had always wanted to become a medical reseacher but never followed through because Chris idealistic ideas kept him from doing so. Sue implies Joes guilt and insists that Chris and everyone else know something about it. Ann defends Chris, saying that he wouldn’t take money out of the plant if there was anything wrong with it, but she becomes disturbed because Chris told her that the case was all forgotten. Chris reassures Ann by telling her he wouldn’t be able to forgive his father if he had murdered the pilots. Anns faith in Chris is restored, and they and Joe share conversation in the yard. Joe offers Steve a job for when he gets out of jail, but Ann insists that Joe owes Steve nothing and Chris refuses to have him at the plant. Jim enters, having gone to pick George up from the train. He warns Chris and Ann that George is angry and should be driven somewhere to talk, a proposition which Chris promptly refuses. A loud argument ensues, in which George tries to convince Ann that Chris knows Joe is guilty, having allowed his father to take the blame for shipping the damaged parts, and Ann is caught between the two men that she loves, unable to make them reconcile with each other. Kate enters, causing Chris and George to halt their argument; she is extraordinarily happy about seeing Georgie and pacifies him enough to settle everyone down for a time. Keller then enters; George reluctantly greets him. Then Lydia emerges and her past relationship with George is then revealed. Lydia has had three children and shows George the life on which he missed out while he was serving in World War II. Ann goes inside to call a cab for George, having insisted that he must leave on the next train and not start a fight. Keller asks George about Steve and then argues that throughout Steve’s life he never took responsibility for his own actions, so he must be guilty now. Just when it seems that George is convinced and he agrees to stay for dinner, Kate tells him that Keller has never been sick in fifteen years, thereby disproving Kellers earlier alibi that he had the flu on the day that Steve allowed the cracked heads to be shipped, and was not able to come to the office. George latches on to this slip of the tongue and begins to interrogate Joe. Frank rushes in with Larrys finished horoscope and asserts that the day Larry was supposed to have died was his favorable day and he must therefore be alive somewhere in the world. Kate believes him unhesitatingly and tells Ann that she packed her bag and that Ann must leave with George. Ann insists that she will stay until Chris tells her to go, and reluctantly tells George to leave, running after him to try to make amends. Chris tries to insist that he will marry Ann, but Kate finally tells him that if Larry is dead, Joe killed him. Chris understands this to mean that Joe was guilty of shipping the faulty parts. Which means that Joe would have been responsible for Larrys death. Keller at last admits his guilt, but justifies his actions saying that if he had done it for his family. And if he went that day the factory would have been shut down and he would have lost money needed to support his family. Chris rejects this explanation, telling Joe that his responsibility to his country sometimes outweighs that to his business and family. Chris storms off, leaving Joe worn out and heart brokenly guilty. edit] Act III Kate waits on the back porch for Chris- he took the car six hours before and has not come back yet. Jim enters and consoles Kate before the entrance of Joe. Ann has stayed in her room for those six hours: having seen Chris storm out of the house, she now knows the truth about Keller’s gui lt. Joe insists that Chris just doesnt understand what responsibility for family means, and that Larry knew better what the business was all about. Joe tells Kate that he did it all for her and their two sons. When Ann emerges, she asks Kate to tell Chris that she knows Larry is dead, so that Chris will no longer feel ashamed about his love for Ann. Kate still insists that Larry is alive; Ann insists that she loved him and wouldnt have even considered marrying anyone else if she werent sure hed died. Finally, Ann asks Joe to go into the house and produces a letter that Larry wrote her the day he died; she tells Kate that she didnt bring the letter to hurt the family, but both are devastated by the final destruction of Kates hope. Chris returns and tells Ann and Kate that he is going away to Cleveland to start over; he rejects Ann when she begs to go with him, saying that he can no longer bear to look at his father but can also not bring himself to send him to prison as he deserves and therefore is not a moral and strong enough man for her. When Joe enters, he confronts Chris and they argue about Joes guilt. Ann rushes forward and gives Larrys letter to Chris; Kate tries to take it away from him and to prevent Joe from hearing it, but it is too late. Chris reads the letter aloud: it describes how, upon learning about the investigation into the incident and his realization of his fathers guilt, Larry couldnt bear to live anymore; he told Ann that he knew hed be reported missing and that she mustnt wait for him. All realize that Joe was responsible for Larrys death: Although Larrys plane did not have a cracked cylinder head in it, Larry found out that his father was not the kind of man he thought hed been. He took his own life by crashing his plane during a mission rather than face the disillusionment he could now see through. On hearing this news, Keller goes inside the house to get his jacket and turn himself in; but while Chris and Kate argue about sending him to prison and Ann watches the results of the letter unfold, a shot is heard. Joe has committed suicide. Ann runs off to find Dr. Bayliss, and Chris and Kate are left alone in a final tableau of their grief. [edit] Timeline of events in the play The precise date of events in the play are unclear, however it is possible to construct a timeline of the back-story to All My Sons using the dialogue of the play. The play is set in August 1946, in the mid-west of the USA with the main story set between Sunday morning and a little after two oclock the following morning. 5] †¢ Autumn 1943: Joe allows Steve to supply the USAAF with faulty cylinder heads which cause the planes to crash. †¢ Autumn 1943: Twenty-one planes crash and Joe and Steve are arrested †¢ November 25 1943: Larry crashes his plane off the coast of China having read about his fathers imprisonment. †¢ 1944: Joe is released from prison †¢ Friday in August 1946: Ann visits Chris †¢ Saturday in August, 1946: Larrys memorial blown down †¢ Sunday morning in August 1946: George visits Steve †¢ Sunday morning in August 1946: Opening of the play [edit] Links to Greek tragedy Arthur Miller’s writing in All My Sons often shows great respect for the great Greek tragedies of the likes of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. In these plays the tragic hero or protagonist will commit an offence, often unknowingly, which will return to haunt him, sometimes many years later. The play encapsulates all the fallout from the offense into a 24 hour time span. During that day, the protagonist must learn his fault and suffer as a result, and perhaps even die. In this way the gods are shown to be just and moral order is restored. In All My Sons, these elements are all present; it takes place within a 24 hour period, has a protagonist suffering from a previous offense, and punishment for that offense. Additionally, it explores the father-son relationship, also a common theme in Grecian tragedies. Ann Deever could also be seen to parallel a messenger as her letter is proof of Larrys death. The Greek plays, and those of Shakespeare two thousand years later, are about kings, dukes or great generals, because at that time these individuals were thought to embody or represent the whole people. Nowadays, we do not perceive the upper classes as most representational. When writers want to show a person who represents a nation or class, they typically invent a fictional â€Å"ordinary† person, the Man in the Street or Joe Public. In Joe Keller, Arthur Miller creates just such a representative type. Joe is a very ordinary man, decent, hard-working and charitable, a man no-one could dislike. But, like the protagonist of the ancient drama, he has a flaw or weakness. This, in turn, causes him to act wrongly. He is forced to accept responsibility his suicide is necessary to restore the moral order of the universe, and allows his son, Chris, to live free from guilt and persecution. Arthur Miller later uses the everyman in a criticism of the American Dream in Death of a Salesman, which is in many ways similar to All My Sons. [edit] Themes [edit] Responsibility, Society and the Generation Gap The play focuses on Joe Keller’s conflict of responsibilities, his responsibility to his family and that to wider society. He originally believes that he is justified in sending cracked cylinder heads and causing the deaths of 21 pilots, as this allowed his family to make money and allowed his son Chris to inherit the family business. Keller justifies his actions as he thinks he has a higher obligation to his family over society, to Keller there is nothing greater than the family Im his father and hes my son, and if theres anything bigger than that Ill put a bullet in my head! and Miller criticizes what he would consider a myopic world view. The major theme of All My Sons is Arthur Miller’s belief that people have a wider responsibility to the society in which they live, and this is something that Chris, Joes son, is aware of and believes in. Unlike his father, Chris feels society and other people play a main part in a persons responsibility, as when he finds the truth out about his fathers actions; he is horrified What the hell are you? You’re not even an animal, no animal kills his own, what are you? What must I do to you? I ought to tear the tongue out of your mouth, what must I do? and here it is possible Chris has become a sort of spokesperson for Arthur Miller in the play. Keller seems to still not understand his sons anguish, as his responses are Chris my Chris Not until Larrys letter is revealed to him, does Keller finally see the point of view of the next generation. Only after hearing Larrys letter does he reply to Chris question Do you get it now!? with Yes I think I do and then lead into where the plays title comes from when Joe Keller eventually realizes that they were all my sons in one sense. Keller kills himself in the final few pages of the play, leaving Kate on her own, the one thing she has always been said to fear, but the truth seems to give her a sort of strength in itself, as she tells her hysterical son Chris in the last line of the play, to live forget now live finally freeing him of the obligation of living with any feeling of responsibility for Kellers suicide. Sources Needed [edit] American Dream All My Sons is a criticism of the American Dream. Joe Keller, a representative type who would be considered an ordinary American, has lived through the Depression and despite a lack of education he has been able to own a factory, which he hopes his son will inherit. However, Keller’s quest for money leads to his responsibility for the deaths of 21 American pilots. Keller has apparently achieved the American Dream he lives in a comfortable house despite being an uneducated man. Miller is emphasizing the hollowness of the American Dream and that one should think about the consequences of our actions. However, this material comfort which Keller has worked to provide his family with the very best is of little consequence. His strong family unit is an illusion his wife is ill, Chris is discontent and Larry has committed suicide as a result of his fathers narrow-minded and reprehensible decision. It is through the letter from Larry that Keller realizes that he has not only killed one son but all of his sons, a theme which is reiterated by the title of the play. In conclusion, the American Dream has become more like an American Nightmare. Chris shows moral responsibility while his father Joe shows intense family responsibility. [edit] Wartime Profiteering Another theme of All My Sons is wartime profiteering. As there were large contracts when America entered the war on two fronts, the conditions were created for what Arthur Miller described as profiteering on a vast scale. Chris Keller is particularly angry that his selflessness in fighting in the war is contrasted by the selfishness of those making money off the war. [edit] Death Death is another key theme in All My Sons. Kate Keller refuses to accept her son’s death. She denies the possibility of this death for a long time. Recognizing the death of her son would mean that she recognizes that her husband was responsible. This is an issue that constantly weighs on Kate throughout the work. The tree is a symbol that represents that Larry is still alive, and when the tree gets knocked down Kate still refuses to believe that her son is in danger. When Chris finds out his father is responsible for killing the 21 pilots, he replies I was dying every day and you were killing my boys and it is very notable Chris refers to the pilots as his boys and says I was dying every day; making them closer to himself and trying to indicate to the audience the extent of which he feels he has moral obligation to society.

The Protestant Reformation -- Religious Studies 3593 Moral Development Term Paper

The Protestant Reformation -- Religious Studies 3593 Moral Development - Term Paper Example And with much money and more power, the people within the church became corrupt. The people within the church were fighting. Those in power were craving for more power, and tried to implement doctrines that were becoming an â€Å"eye sore†. Everybody was questioning the teachings and doctrines of the Church. Church doctrines were taught and literally interpreted from the Bible. The people then thought of and asked for reforms. They realized that their religion was not teaching them good morals because those running their religion were corrupt and immoral. The changes or reforms asked for were complaints against the clergy, the sacraments, the many confessions, and many other complaints, called for by Martin Luther, John Calvin and others. This paper will talk on the Protestant Reformation, but authors of medieval times and of the reformation talk of several reformations. We can’t help here but talk of the Protestant Reformation in referring the colored past of the Catholic church, the Protestant Church, and others like the Calvinist concept of reformation. Also, as a result of the Protestant Reformation, several reformations or movement within the Catholic Church had emerged. They were championed by then so-called reformers within the church, like Guillaume Briconnet, bishop of Meaux in the 1520s, and Jean du Bellay, bishop of Paris from 1532, â€Å"who wanted to introduce new ideas but were prepared to do so from within the structures of the Catholic church† (Gray 5). The Reformation was a movement and a phenomenon in the sixteenth century which affected largely the political, economic, social, and religious lives of the people. It asked for changes and better religious world and beliefs. The reformers were led by Martin Luther, and then came others like Zwingli, Calvin, Knox, Cranmer, and the rest. They were later followed by the Puritans and the different Anabaptist movements (which were far more radical in their approach). These

Mass Extinction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mass Extinction - Essay Example I think that this is the possible reason why Douglas Erwin said it is quite difficult to identify which is the real cause of the mass extinction in the past. There are these many factors that contribute; they are all giving different degrees of impact to the environment, which the scientists need to delve into each to know the actual influencing degree. The world population is growing exponentially but the land is so limited. Humans exploit virgin land, like the jungle and mountains. They cut down the jungle and make the mountains flat to make houses and farmland. The equivalence of the whole ecosystem is disturbed. Firstly the flora and fauna in the wild lost their habitat. They cannot even find food that they used to get. As a result, this leads to wildlife extinction. Loss of soil due to loss of plants also caused the river- and seabeds to become shallow. This is obvious with the increase of sea water level. The situation becomes worse when the pole's glacier starts melting due to greenhouse effect! Eventually, the increasingly warming atmosphere triggered the people's interest to study the global warming phenomena. This is how the greenhouse effect situation was discovered. It is estimated that about 15 to 37 per cent of the species will become extinct from now to 2050 if the climate keep on changing (Kirby, 2004). The causes of global warming were identified: excretion of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane, use of aerosol products and depletion of jungle land and ozone layer. Carbon dioxide and methane will trap heat in the atmosphere. They are the by products from the use of fuel energy. Meantime, depletion of jungle land reduces the number of green plants that can convert... The world population is growing exponentially but the land is so limited. Humans exploit the virgin land, like the jungle and mountains. They cut down the jungle and make the mountains flat to make houses and farmland. The equivalence of the whole ecosystem is disturbed. Firstly the flora and fauna in the wild lost their habitat. They cannot even find food that they used to get. As a result, this leads to wildlife extinction. Loss of soil due to loss of plants also caused the river- and seabeds to become shallow. This is obvious with the increase of sea water level. The situation becomes worse when the pole’s glacier starts melting due to greenhouse effect! Eventually, the increasingly warming atmosphere triggered the people’s interest to study the global warming phenomena. This is how the greenhouse effect situation was discovered. It is estimated that about 15 to 37 percent of the species will become extinct from now to 2050 if the climate keeps on changing. The causes of global warming were identified: excretion of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane, use of aerosol products and depletion of jungle land and the ozone layer. Carbon dioxide and methane will trap heat in the atmosphere. They are the by-products from the use of fuel energy. Meantime, depletion of jungle land reduces the number of green plants that can convert the carbon dioxide gases back to oxygen. The increase of methane gave the similar effect to the environment, methane plays an important role in the previous mass extinction.

Unconventional Warfare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Unconventional Warfare - Essay Example Guerilla warfare was first referred as a war of revolutionary nature by Mao Zedong who used it widely in his operations in China1. However it is used in modern insurgencies as a part of an integrated process with all the sophistications associated with an organized operation including propaganda capabilities, doctrines and specialist skills. 2 Kennedy Hickman, Fabian Strategy : Wearing Down the Enemy , 2007, About.com: Military History, The Medieval myth of Roland borne out of the Battle of Roncevaux Pass was won by the Basque due to the effective utilization of guerilla tactics3. 15th century saw the Vietnamese insurgency against the Chinese where as the 19th century saw the Balkan people using the same tactics to fight against the Ottoman Empire4. World War I and World War II also saw a number of guerilla warfare in the name of resistance movements and other insurgent activities. Guerilla warfare continues in many parts of the world post the II World War as well. However, the most common feature associated with unconventional warfare is its nationalist fighting nature which was evident in the rebellions. One key exception was the Columbian FARC which gave up armed rebellion following its electoral defeat only to resume it later and associate with the drug lobby against the traditions it followed6. 3Kennedy Hickman, Charlemagne: Battle of Roncevaux Pass, 2007, About.com: Military History, 4Walter Laqueur, Guerrilla Warfare - A Historical & Critical Study, 1998, (Transaction Books) 239-277 5 Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Warfare Conduct Of, Guerrilla Warfare," 1984 ed, p. 584 6Walter Laqueur, Guerrilla Warfare - A Historical & Critical Study, 1998, (Transaction Books) xi Two of the major victories of the guerilla warfare happened in Afghanistan and Chechnya, both of which coincided with the collapse of the Soviet Union. The victory is mainly attributed to the fact that though the enemy was powerful, lacked the political will. Afghanistan war also gave a topographical advantage to the rebels which led to the evacuation of the Soviet troops in 1989. Guerillas failed to achieve decisive victories in a number of countries like Turkey, Algeria, Israel, Sri Lanka and Sudan, though they succeeded in causing sizeable harm to their enemies. Considerable help has been provided to the guerillas from abroad to keep the momentum going in the operation as in the Arab countries support given to the Palestinians and Afghans and the Indian Tamil support to the Sri Lankan Tamils7. The key forms of insurgency that is expected to control the modern era are likely to be driven by problems caused due to the increasingly commercialized and modernized world. This is expected to dominate the Third World countries with

Answer my questions Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Answer my questions - Movie Review Example What are the effects of trade liberalization in Jamaica (e.g. discuss the effects of Jamaica’s free trade zones or the effects of the WTO on banana exports)? What was the effect of the IMF policies on domestic food production? In any country, the economy depends on the policies of its government. The public and private sector businesses are the main employment generation mechanisms in an economy. Market plays a key role in determining the unemployment rates of a country. If unemployment rates are low, spending power of the people increases and the market flourishes. However, if there is too much pressure on the government to generate employment in the public sector, the market becomes volatile and the risks of a sudden but complete stagnancy increase, as we have witnessed in the erstwhile USSR during the late 1980s. Liberalization is a process that would help an economy to overcome the risks of economic stagnancy mainly by the means of market reforms and privatization. However, the process of liberalization itself has come under scrutiny and criticism on several occasions. The episode of Life and Debt is based on such a critical perspective regarding liberalization in the backdrop of troubled Jamaican eco nomy. The process of liberalization in Jamaica practically began when the country signed a loan agreement with IMF in 1977. The process of acquiring debts began and more debts were taken to pay off the interests incurred in this course. Gradually, Jamaica had to liberalize its markets and industries under pressure from the lending agencies like IMF, IADB (Inter-American Development Bank), and the World Bank. The projected goals of increasing per capita income, literacy rate, employment, etc. in the country could not be achieved. The development that was promised by these loans did not take place as expected. But the economic pressure of a government almost running on debts began to affect the lives of the people negatively. In reality, the

Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion - Research Paper Example â€Å"Personality is expressed through influences on the body† (Mayer, 2005, p.22). Further, I realized that some individuals have a low locus of control, which means that they believe others influence and affect their own destinies and feel as though they are victims of circumstance (Treven & Potocan, 2005). This is unhealthy personality-related behavior that causes people to be too passive and always on the defensive. This was the root of what was causing these physical stress responses unlike a normal functioning person who believes they have control over their own fate without being influenced by others. The intervention chosen for this client was built under the operant conditioning model, which is essentially conditioning a person to change their behaviors through positive reinforcement when a desired behavior occurs (Kadden, 2008). Each time this client described a positive scenario in his life, I would touch the individual in a gentle way such as offering a rub on the shoulders in a soothing fashion. When the client began discussing negative behaviors, I would instead look depressed and show body language that was modestly disinterested. This operant conditioning, over time, made the individual want to discuss more positive factors so that my responses followed a more desired consequence.

Read and Respond to (IMMANUEL KANT) What is Enlightenment Research Paper

Read and Respond to (IMMANUEL KANT) What is Enlightenment - Research Paper Example Kant describes enlightenment as â€Å"Man’s emergence from his self-imposed immaturity† (Kant 1784), where immaturity essentially refers to an individual’s inability to use their own understanding in actions and instead depend on tutelage or guidance from others. Kant explains that this immaturity is self-imposed due to â€Å"lack of resolve to use it without guidance from another† (1784). He argues that the guardians who are depended upon by the unenlightened are keen to ensure that matters remain this way hence discourage their dependants through indicating that lack of their guidance will lead to danger. The guardians have been quite successful at discouraging maturity and enlightenment of the populace that only a few individuals have been able to become enlightened â€Å"by cultivating their own minds, in freeing themselves from immaturity and pursuing a secure course† (1784). However, Kant argues that enlightenment is inevitable and that the wo rld heads toward it with each age. He identifies two forms of freedom of using one’s reason as determinants of enlightenment whether public and private. Only public reasoning can succeed in bringing about enlightenment although holders of office and other individuals can privately reason and still publicly defend the symbols they represent. Kant uses the rest of his work to showcase that nothing can stand in the way of enlightenment, not religion, authority or even society itself. He also argues that we are not living in an enlightened age but rather in the age of enlightenment which translates to the gateway to enlightenment. A central theme in Kant’s work is that rational autonomy is achievable in the society albeit slowly; â€Å"But that the public should enlighten itself is more likely; indeed, if it is only allowed freedom, enlightenment is almost inevitable† (1784). He presents the view that enlightenment of the entire society is

Knowlege and atitude of saudi health professionals towards using Essay

Knowlege and atitude of saudi health professionals towards using technology at workplace - Essay Example Consequently, the study will be done through the use cross-sectional survey design. Basically, cross-sectional survey design is crucial in the study because it will be used to collect data on a given sample of participants who will be chosen from a cross section of health professionals. Moreover, the study will have data analysis to ascertain what has been researched. In a general sense, the analysis will give a clear cut on the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals towards technology. Health institutions are some of the most crucial institutions in most countries across that world. They are known to work in accordance to the medical rules and regulations that govern specific countries. Saudi Arabia is one of the numerous countries that has continuously sort to improve the quality of healthy through educating its professionals on the expected knowledge and attitudes particularly pertaining to the use of technology in hospitals and other health facilities (Huber, 2009). Apparently, it has been documented that in 2007during the customary five year strategic health plan for the country, the Ministry of Health in Saudi published numerous main challenges that the health institutions were facing. To begin with, it was noted that there was lack of efficiency in the service delivery system which was as a result of poor coordination between the institution and other stakeholders. In addition, there was lack of health care planning that culminated to immeasurable lack of integration among the three health care systems; primary, secondary and tertiary. Similarly, it was noted that there was absence of modern incentive based payment systems. As such, it was argued that there was a necessity to embrace technology to ensure that these issues were dealt with accordingly. Of most important was to reduce the absence of data that is mandatory in policy and decision making. Consequently, the presence of data improves coordination in health

Contemporary Issues in Food and Nutrition for Adolescents Essay Example for Free

Contemporary Issues in Food and Nutrition for Adolescents Essay Contemporary Issues in Food and Nutrition for Adolescents The importance of establishing health promoting practices during childhood and adolescence has long been recognized by nutritionists and other health professionals. The purpose of this paper is to investigate further the issues relating to adolescents diets and contributing factors. Contributing factors include the increase of fast food consumption, unconventional meal patterns and lack of exercise. During adolescence, the influences on eating habits are numerous. The growing independence of adolescents, increased participation in social life and a generally busy schedule of activities have a great impact on food intake. ? In the September 2007 issue of Health Promotion International, a survey of 18,486 secondary school students at 322 schools across all Australian states (except Western Australia) has found that a significant proportion of students fall short of current, national dietary and physical activity recommendations for teenagers. A new study suggests that as teens enter adulthood, they are more likely to skip meals, resulting in a very unconventional meal pattern. Breakfast is frequently neglected and omitted more often by teenagers as they enter high school as they see it as an unnecessary hassle. These diets are likely to be bizarre and unbalanced. Though appetite is great, meal times tend to be irregular due to pre-occupation with school, other social activities or even a part time job. Therefore snacking in between meals is common. Skipping breakfast, for example, can lead to greater levels of hunger later in the day, causing overeating, or the choosing of heavy foods that fill you up faster, but may lack nutritional values. For teenage girls, lunch is usually skipped as a way of controlling weight. As adolescents go through puberty, they are bound to feel more pressured by their peers about the shape and size of their body, sexual development, and their general appearance. Due to this pressure, they are more likely to be self-conscious, resulting in unstable diets. These diets are usually also caused by the increasing amount of junk food consumption. The increase in junk food consumption is an important factor in a teens diet. This could be due to the increased independence and responsibility for food preparation that adolescents face during this developmental transition. Fast food, such as McDonalds, is a quick, easy and tasty option for aging adolescents who may have a busy day-to-day schedule and who may be used to relying on parents to prepare their meals. Also published in the September issue of Health Promotion International, a survey indicates that secondary school students between the ages of 12 and 17 are consuming far too much junk food and not enough vegetables and fruit. The survey found that only 20% of students were meeting the daily requirement of four serves of vegetables while 39% were eating the recommended three daily serves of fruit. Our survey found consumption of unhealthy/non-core foods was high, with 46% of students having fast food meals at least twice a week, 51% eating snack foods four or more times per week, and 44% having high-energy drinks four or more times per week, states Dr Victoria White, from the Centre of Behavioural Research in Victoria. The survey findings also highlight the need for secondary students to spend more time being physically active and less time in front of the television and computer. The problem of childhood obesity has recently skyrocketed, mainly in the Western nations. Established in an online article on the website For Parents, By Parents, approximately 16-33% of children and teens are considered obese. While obesity is one of the easiest medical conditions to diagnosis, it can be one of the most difficult to treat. The same online article also states that poor diet and lack of exercise results in over 300,000 deaths every year. We found that only 14% of students engaged in recommended levels of physical activity and about 70% exceeded recommended levels of sedentary behaviour, Dr Victoria White once again states. Current recommendations state teenagers should do at least 60 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity every day and spend no more than 2 hours per day using electronic media for entertainment. Unhealthy weight increases during adolescence have been associated with fasting insulin, increased levels of cholesterol and risk factors for heart disease and systolic blood pressure in young adulthood. Since adolescent obesity is a significant predictor of overweight status in adulthood, it is important to identify dietary behaviours early on that are associated with unhealthy weight gain in order to create effective interventions. It has been investigated that the three of the largest factors in adolescents diets include their unconventional meal pattern, increasing of junk food consumption and lack of exercise. The increased snack food intake and lack of required exercise result in a very disproportioned and unbalanced diet, which eventually leads to other fatal diseases such as risk of heart failure. Therefore, adolescents diet should be observed carefully to avoid an unhealthy epidemic.

A play that demonstrates the emptiness of the American dream Death of a Salesman Essay Example for Free

A play that demonstrates the emptiness of the American dream Death of a Salesman Essay A play that demonstrates the emptiness of the American dream. How far do you agree with this assessment of Death of a Salesman? It is evident from the first view of death of a salesman that there are definite, negative realities in the American dream. From writing this play, Miller has strongly illustrated that the American dream produces an image that human worth and values can be measured in financial terms. During 1940s America, capitalism and consumerism was at its strongest with the American dream acting as a predator to the unsuspicious, determined and success-hungry businessmen of America. Although some of these men prospered in creating a successful business and earned a lot of money, others failed and felt that their own small achievements were empty and insignificant. In the play, Willy (like other American salesmen) has focused his life and attention on achieving the American dream and being a successful role model to his sons. Willy, however, does not accomplish success and instead falls victim to capitalism. His main belief is that popularity leads to personal and business triumph, and materialistic items prove that he is well liked and loved by his friends and family. Even though Willy cannot afford expansive gifts, the American dream is based on materialising love and values and Willy does this when he buys Biff and Happy a punch bag branded with Gene Tunneys signature. Although at first this gift seems appreciated, rather than flatter and excite, materialism and brand names haunted Willy with debt and insecurity, yet he felt obliged to provide for his sons and determined to succeed in the American dream. Willy is a failure and his suicide attempts displayed an unproductive, exhausted man. He feels that what he does attain are empty achievements and his bad points and reasons for failure were obvious; such as instilling false values into his sons. It can be interpreted that, because Willy was ineffective, when he did achieve something, it was insignificant and empty; although some critics may feel that his lack of success may mean he put more pride in his minor accomplishments such as DIY around the house. This is shown when Willy is trying to impress his neighbour Charley by saying Did you see the ceiling I put in the living-room? Willy and Linda had only one payment left on their twenty five year mortgage before the house is their own, and Linda feels quite content and happy about this. But Willy is still unhappy, questioning the reason for owning the house in the first place: What point?. Owning the house is an empty accomplishment for Willy, even though it took so long to achieve. Work a lifetime to pay off a house. You finally own it, and theres nobody left to live in it. this alone demonstrates the emptiness of consumerism and the American dream. It is also illustrated that the American dream is an empty achievement when, at the beginning of the play, Happy and Biff are discussing their employment and future. At this point, Happy indicates that his managers success is empty, with him building a house that he cant enjoy once its finished. Happy states that he is generally achieving everything that he wanted, yet they are not important to him; they are empty accomplishments. He even questions the reason why he is working just as Willy questioned the point of the house, because all he is achieving from working is pointless and empty success. It could be argued that Miller is trying to pursue the idea that it is the process of success that is more important than success itself. This strongly questions American values, as many people follow the American dream which holds the belief that material items are more important and that they represent personal and business victory. However, Happy is successful personally to compensate for his empty achievements as a clerk. He seduces the fiancà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½es of his managers because he has an over-developed sense of competition Happy takes what he wants even though he apparently hates himself for it, indicating the use of the bad morals taught to the boys by Willy. This again could be construed as an purposeless success in the process of achieving the American dream. Another point of perspective is that the women, like materialistic items and commercialism, may produce status in the American social system, but they also produce stress and not necessarily happiness. Willy is in constant competition with his neighbour Charley, continuously aiming to be bigger than Uncle Charley and promising his sons this success. This point suggests that materialism and the American dream are more important than general well-being and human worth, and some critics feel that through this neighbourly competition, Miller is questioning the values of America as a whole. Willys mind and psychology also breakdown because of his obsession with the American dream, and his dreams become illusions. Eventually, Willy is fighting with illusions and reality and believes all he is worth is his insurance money, stressing the idea that the American dream is empty and human values can be measured economically. The irony of Linda declaring were free at the end of the play is both ironic and tragic as although she is now free of debt, the empty American dream the illuded both Willy and herself is still holding her and others ensnared. On the other hand, in contrast to Willy, Charley is successful and has a fulfilling career and achieved the American dream. Willy is very envious of Charley, so much so that his pride, jealousy and stubbornness prevents him from accepting a job off Charley, even when he is unemployed: I just cant work for you, Charley. Similarly, Howard, although cruel to Willy and fires him, is very successful. He has a happy, idealistic family life. He is able to afford materialistic goods, can provide for his family, is not overridden by debt and is generally fulfilled by his success and the American dream. Howard is very proud and boastful to have achieved the American dream and this is shown when he boasts his tape recorder to Willy, who is obviously resentful. Howards other material possessions appear to be unimportant compared to the tape recorder and are no longer required, showing Howard to be a rather wasteful person. This again implies that, in difference to Willy, Howard is extremely successful and is relishing in consumerism, finding the American dream very rewarding. However, another point of view could be that Howard, like Willy, finds the American dream empty as he is not enjoying what he has achieved, and is just replacing everything with a more modern or expensive model. In dissimilarity to Willy, Charley is a genuine, kind and caring neighbour, and is not at all in competition with Willy. Therefore, Charley values human worth and this suggests that American values are not concentrated mainly on accomplishment. Charley has not let the American dream influence his ideas of human worth and values, and he does not think that human life can be measured financially. He actually seems genuinely worried at Willys hints towards suicide and says to him nobodys worth nothing dead. Charley is realistic compared to Willy, who is idealistic and living in his own fantasy. Through his success, Charley sees Willys faults and reasons for his failure and tries to make Willy acknowledge this by constantly asking Willy, when are you going to grow up?. Charley recognises Willys fantasies are wrong and he tries to help him. This shows that the American dream has not diminished Charleys character as it has Willys and Charleys success mean she can help Willy financially. This can be interpreted as Charley using his satisfying achievements to help Willy. For Charley, his dream has become a reality not an illusion. Charley may have also become victim to capitalism but, in comparison to Willy, he is thriving off it whereas it is destroying Willy. He is content with his success and feels fulfilled by his achievements, suggesting that the play does not entirely demonstrate the emptiness of the American dream but the fulfilments also. Miller himself argues that the play is not entirely based on the faults of the American dream although it does question American values very powerfully. He strengthens his argument because, although Willy is defeated by the American dream, Charley is entirely successful without creating personal flaws from his dreams of success. Bernard, his son, is also a genuine (as well as successful) person; a complete difference from Willys sons. As a result, Death of a salesman almost perfectly depicts aspects of the American dream today. Our twenty first century ideals, dreams and illusions echo, even more so perhaps, the prosperous America of fifty years ago. It can be related to by people of our culture today as well as those from the 1940s, making the powerful reminders of the illusion focused on in Death of a Salesman completely relevant to our world. It is from this that I have come to the conclusion that, although Death of a Salesman subtly contains stories of success due to the American dream, this play is a textbook illustration of the emptiness of the American dream and consumerism; where failure and disappointment eats away at happiness and confidence, but success is, similarly, an empty accomplishment.

Child abuse and neglect

Child abuse and neglect Child Abuse: Real-life vs. A Child Called It According to the US Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect, about 4,000,000 children die each year as a result of child abuse and neglect (Bob 12). Child abuse refers to nonaccidental harm that is inflicted on children by their parents or other adults (Magill 218). Many people do not take child abuse seriously because they either believe that harsh discipline is necessary, or they do not realize how bad it really is. Both child abuse and neglect are serious social problems that often have a lasting negative impact on the development of minors (Magill 218). Due to the incredibly violent and graphic nature of A Child Called It, readers may not believe the encounters are factual. However, they most regrettably are true. The abusive actions in A Child Called It parallel those of real-life child abuse cases. Abuse mostly occurs in families who are young, poor, and single (Palmisano 228). When families are going through hard times, there is a lot of stress that comes along with it. With all of this stress, the parents take it out on their children. Having a crisis in the home heightens the chances that a child will be abused (Bob 15). A familys relationship is a very important part of the system in the household. Domestic violence and parental issues are also contributing problems in reoccurring child abuse cases. Parents who abuse each other are more likely to abuse their child as well, because violence in one aspect of family life often flows into other aspects (Rein 54). Families in which the wife hits the husband, the child abuse rate was considerably higher, resulting in 22.9 children per one hundred children (Rein 54). There has also been found a correlation between family income and child abuse and neglect, (Rein 52). Child abuse cases are more likely to occur in households where money is in short supply, especially if the caregivers are unemployed (Bob 15). Difficulty in the family structure can also trigger child abuse. Children in single-family households were at higher risk of physical abuse and all types of neglect than were children in other family structures (Rein 51). In A Child Called It Dave Pelzer suffers child abuse at the hands of his alcoholic mother. It was not like this all the time. At first she was a loving and caring mother, and then she changed dramatically. Together they used to have good times. They would always spend all their time together, going to the zoo and the park, until the family slowly started to split apart. Pelzers father was a firefighter, so he worked many twenty-four hour shifts, which caused problems between him and his wife. If parents are having problems in their relationship, then they take out their anger on others. In Pelzers situation, his mother took care of all her feelings by drinking and abusing her son. Most people believe that the fathers are abusers because they are bigger and stronger, but it is mostly the women. In fact, there are many households where the woman of the family beats the man: 80% of fatal maltreatment cases were attributed to women, that is for both child abuse, and spouse abuse (Carey 23). Many people believe that women are not capable of child abuse because of their maternal instinct, but woman are the abusive ones. According to Carey, 58% of child abuse is by the mother. Many abusers inflict abuse onto their kids because that is how they grew up. The severity of child abuse, and the manner in which children are abused, bears a strong resemblance to the type of maltreatment experienced by their mothers (Kim 54). Another big contributing factor to child abuse is substance abuse. There are some cases where there is drug abuse, but the most common substance is alcohol. According to the Children of Alcoholics Foundation, 40 percent of confirmed child abuse cases involve the use of alcohol or other drugs (Kim 54). In most cases, with or without depression as a factor, studies indicate that a major contributing factor to child abuse is alcohol or drug addiction (Kim 54). In A Child Called It, the abuse is done by Pelzers alcoholic mother. With the father gone, the mother made herself useless and drunk. At times while Father was away at work, she would spend the entire day lying on the couch, dressed only in her bathrobe, watching television. Mom got up only to go to the bathroom, get another drink or heat leftover food (Pelzer 30). Shortly after this phase of being lazy, she started to abuse her son, with alcohol at her side. Whenever child abuse is suspected, the most important thing to do is to report it. Many people do not report child abuse, which may result in the child dying. There are so many reasons that people do not report child abuse, and it becomes a big mistake: 60% failed to report child maltreatment because they did not have enough evidence that the child had been maltreated (Rein 23). Whether there is a lot of evidence or not, all child abuse suspicions should be reported because it could save a childs life. Also, around 16% failed to report because they did not think CPS would do a good job (Rein 23). Whether it is believed that they would do a good job or not, letting someone know what is going on can make the smallest difference in a childs life. One-third of the mandated reporters thought the abuse was not serious enough to warrant reporting (Rein 23). There are many organizations today that will help if there is suspected child abuse, without putting the victim in any further danger. For example, there are the Societies for the Cruelty to Children, American Human Association, Child Welfare League, National Council on Child Abuse and Family Violence, and much more (Dolan 60-68). In A Child Called It all of the teachers knew about Pelzers abuse but did not say anything. According to Pelzer, every day when he walked into school he went to the nurse for their daily routine. She would ask him to remove his clothes and check all over his body for new marks. All of the teachers knew but were afraid to say something. Mr. Hansen, one of the teachers that knew about this, even called home one night to talk to his mother. When Pelzer got home that night he got a beating because of it. Child abuse is a serious crime. Many people are afraid to intervene, but they should. Many people do not really believe that child abuse is as bad as they hear from different stories, but it really is. In A Child Called It, most things that happen in real life child abuse cases, was present in the book. In both real life and in Pelzers story, the family was experiencing trouble in the structure and relationships. Also, the abuser was the mother figure. And the worse thing of all is the community negligence. Many people do not say anything, whether what they suspect is really happening or not. Child abuse is real and Dave Pelzer experienced it first hand.

The Creative Classroom :: Education Teaching Teachers Essays

The Creative Classroom When I was three years old, my parents and I made the most significant move of our lives– we moved from northern Ohio to my mother’s hometown in southern West Virginia. Many things about my life changed because of our relocation, but most significantly was my mom’s job. While in Ohio, she had stayed home with me, but once we came to West Virginia, she resumed her career as a teacher. Immediately, I was thrown into the school system. I remember being so proud that my photograph had been included in the 1987 Man Junior High School Yearbook– and I was just four. Since then, I have viewed the teaching profession through my mother’s eyes and consequently, the eyes of a teacher. I have seen the joy that comes with teaching as well as the frustrations, and I look forward to them all in my future as an educator. I consider my views of teaching to be realistic. I have seen firsthand the paperwork, confrontations with students, extra hours required, and the stress that comes with teaching. But, I have also seen a teacher’s entire day be turned around just because one student grasped a new concept. I have seen a student’s eyes sparkle when they discover something new. And beyond that, I have seen a teacher’s eyes sparkle when his or her pupil rejoiced in their newfound knowledge. I welcome all these experiences into my life, and cannot wait to make my own discoveries in my secondary mathematics classroom. Because of my observations of the education field and my own personal style, I feel that my classroom will best be served with a diverse group of philosophies including essentialism, perennialism, behaviorism, and social reconstructionism. Essentialism is the "back to basics" approach to education that concentrates on teaching primary skills to students. Essentialism tugs at the very heart of mathematics: in order to understand the more complex theorems and algorithms, you must first have a firm grasp of the basic principles of mathematics. I believe learning mathematics is both a step-by-step and conceptual process. With essentialism, I hope to highlight the step-by-step approach. In this, I will be constantly reviewing elementary mathematical concepts, building to a better understanding of the given concept and further building up to a more complex mathematical understanding. Perennialism emulates the belief that ideas that have lasted over centuries should be the concentration of the classroom.

Hemp Legalization Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Drug Essays

Hemp Legalization THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT The purpose of this report is to show the need to reform the present marijuana/hemp law in the United States in order to make hemp available for industrial purposes. The first thing that I will do is define marijuana and hemp in order to avoid confusion. An explanation of how the present marijuana/hemp law originated will be given after that. Then I will define and describe the present law concerning marijuana and hemp. I will then define the specific aspect of the marijuana/hemp law that I feel needs to be changed. Some industrial and environmental needs will then be listed. I will then demonstrate how the industrial and environmental needs of the United States can be fulfilled. THE DEFINITIONS OF MARIJUANA AND HEMP There is a large amount of confusion about the distinction between marijuana and hemp. Hemp is an actual plant that was originally located in Asia. It can be used for many purposes. The hemp plant is most commonly used for extraction of the drug marijuana. Marijuana is a drug obtained from the flowering tops, stems, and leaves of the hemp plant. It is a drug with hallucinogenic properties that people smoke in order to get high (www.encyclopedia.com). HOW THE PRESENT MARIJUANA LAW ORIGINATED The technical name of the present law outlawing marijuana is the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937. It originated in a very corrupt manner. Before the drug of marijuana was common, the hemp plant was used for industrial purposes on a small scale. The production of products with hemp was still a new process, and the process didn?t get a chance to fully develop before the hemp plant became illegal. The drug of marijuana first earned its reputation as an intoxicant in the... ...es, or they should start over and write a new law. The changes should be made because of the things that I discussed in this report: the law was passed under corrupt circumstances, the product of hemp is not being used for industrial purposes, and hemp is a very environment friendly product. Works Cited Gochmanosky, Nicole. "Hemp/Marijuana Legalization-Its Time Has Come." 27 Oct 1999. 2 pp. Available www: http://www.sandi.net Scotty J. "Legalize." 29 Nov 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.legalize.com "Marijuana Tax Act of 1937." 27 Oct 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.altereduniv.com "Marijuana." 27 Nov 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.encyclopedia.com "Reefer Madness." 27 Oct 1999. 1 pp. Available www: http://www.dvddiscounts.com "Still Crazy After All These Years." 27 Oct 1999. 4 pp. Available www: http://www.norml.org

Dropping the C-bomb Essay -- Feminism

It’s one of the oldest idioms that inevitably the majority of us have heard as a youth on a playground: â€Å"Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words can never hurt me.† Unfortunately, this old phrase isn’t entirely true—it doesn’t define which words are hurtful, the context they are used in, or its historical context. In fact, words can be powerful. There are a number of words in language, that are both negative and offensive, that have been used to oppress a specific group. Their history has produced such a negative symbolic power and creates such a stigma, that they possess the ability to harm or injure. â€Å"Cunt† is such a word. The word â€Å"cunt† used in modern language carries a heavy offensive potency in just one syllable. Saying phrases such as â€Å"You’re a cunt!† â€Å"Stop being such a cunt† or â€Å"You fucking cunt† for those with more gusto for its use, reveals the misogyny that the word possesses. After all, â€Å"cunt† is another, albeit derogatory, word for vagina and (most) females have a vagina; and the vagina is the central powerful symbol for femininity. What does it mean then to essentially be a â€Å"vagina† (read cunt)? Furthermore, as a woman, what does it mean to have such a pejorative word aimed towards you with the intent to offend, harm, and essentially oppress one’s own femininity? Yet, as British journalist Zoe Williams states, the word â€Å"vagina† is not used to insult women; however, cunt† is. To be called a â€Å"cunt,† then, suggests that the offender is attempting to dishonor this very symbol of womanhood, by scandalizing the word in attempt to claim and perpetuate its pejorative power, thus diminishing the woman, and inadvertently her power. Attitudes towards the usage of the word â€Å"cunt† reveal its pejorative power and the ... .... . Hunt, Matthew. "Cunt: Etymology." The Works of Matthew Hunt. Web. Dec. 2010. . Muscio, Igna. "Cunt: A Declaration of Independence." Share Book Recommendations With Your Friends, Join Book Clubs, Answer Trivia. Web. Dec. 2010. . "TV's Most Offensive Words | Media | MediaGuardian." Latest News, Comment and Reviews from the Guardian | Guardian.co.uk. 25 Nov. 2005. Web. Dec. 2010. . "Zoe Williams: The Feminist Mistake | Comment Is Free | The Guardian." Latest News, Comment and Reviews from the Guardian | Guardian.co.uk. 14 June 2006. Web. Dec. 2010. .

Closed Memo

JS6557 Professor Pratt  §16, Thursdays, 10:00 a. m. X Mailbox # 406 Final Draft Closed Memo September 5, 2012 Word Count: 2,975 On my honor, I submit this work in good faith and pledge that I have neither given nor received improper aid in its completion. /s/ JS6557 JS6557 Memorandum To: Managing Partner Salvo From: JS6557 Date: September 24, 2012 Re: McAnzen Case QUESTION PRESENTED DUIUnder Mississippi law, can McAnzen establish a defense of necessity for his DUI charge, when after realizing the severity of Hurricane Katrina and fleeing his home, he was arrested while driving under the influence even though that action was only done to prevent a significant evil and was his only adequate option to avoid the impending dangers of the storm? ESCAPE Under Mississippi common law, can McAnzen establish a necessity of defense to escape when he used no force or violence to flee custody, to avoid the mmediate threat of serious bodily harm, after he was pulled over and arrested during the o nset of the impending danger of Hurricane Katrina although he did not report himself immediately to proper authorities? BRIEF ANSWER DUI Probably yes. McAnzen will probably be able to survive a DUI charge because under Mississippi Law a defendant must meet three elements to establish a defense of necessity to DUI.He will likely meet all three elements because he drove under the influence only to prevent a significant evil, the harm he caused was disproportionate to the harm avoided, and driving was his last adequate option in hopes to avoid the impending dangers of Hurricane Katrina. ESCAPE Probably yes. McAnzen will probably be able to evade an escape charge because under Mississippi Law a prisoner must meet four elements to establish a defense of necessity to escape.Although he failed to meet all four of the elements undoubtedly, he will likely be able to establish his defense because he clearly met three of the four elements because the hurricane winds were an immediate threat of serious bodily harm, he did not have time to make a complaint to authorities, and he used no force or violence to make his escape to flee the impending dangers. STATEMENT OF FACTS After an argument with his wife, McAnzen wife left the home to recollect her thoughts while relaxed with a six-pack of beer while tuning into the local news station.The news graphically described the Hurricane that was predicted to hit but he didn’t give any warranty to it. Over the two-hour period, he consumed four of the six beers. A neighbor interrupted his television viewing to enlighten him of the actual severity of the storm and advise that McAnzen and his wife leave with him immediately. He declined the offered ride but began to worry about his wife’s absence. Although the weather began to worsen, he felt morally obligated to wait for his wife but could not find her. After waiting as long as he could he acknowledged that e had been drinking earlier in the night but if he did not leave he would have been endangered by the violent hurricane. He most likely wouldn’t survive the wrath of Hurricane Katrina. While driving he was being extremely careful but decided to put a CD in to assure he would stay awake and in doing so he crossed the centerline. He was then pulled over, in the middle of a detrimental hurricane, and eventually arrested for driving under the influence. After being pulled over for a traffic stop during the onset of Hurricane Katrina, McAnzen fled the scene as an â€Å"intention to avoid impending danger.After initially being pulled over and failing a field sobriety test, a huge gust of wind knocked over the arresting officer giving McAnzen time to escape the scene. He left the scene because he panicked after seeing the strong wind blow over the officer, which created a fear for his life. He fled to his sister’s home in Florida and when returning to Mississippi, he went immediately to his home, which indecently was completely destroyed by the destruction of the hurricane. He was then arrested. DISCUSSIONBoth of McAnzen’s decisions, driving under the influence and escaping from custody, are criminal actions but they were necessarily committed to ensure his personal safety during the onset of Hurricane Katrina. His actions are to be excused by the defense of necessity, which is when a person’s choices can be excused or justified even though they break a law because they were necessary. â€Å"Where a person reasonably believes that he is in danger of physical harm he may be excused for some conduct which ordinarily would be criminal. Knight v. State, 601 So. 2d 403 (Miss. 1992). Mississippi Courts generally find that for a defendant to establish a defense of necessity for a crime committed, he must prove that three elements were present: reasonable belief of fear, fear of physical harm, and no sufficient alternative. Id. In this situation he is charged with two separate crimes and both crimes are anal yzed differently according to specific elements that pertain to each of them.This is an affirmative defense because he has the burden of proof meaning he must prove that he met the elements of the defense to claim it. The following cases using the defense of necessity will help prove that McAnzen does establish his defense. The court in Stodghill v. State, 892 So. 2d 236 (Miss. 2005) found that the plaintiff George Stodghill’s attempt to use the defense of necessity in regards to his arrest for driving under the influence was not valid because he did completely satisfy all the elements of that defense.After a night of drinking at a remote cabin with family, his girlfriend became violently ill and exhibited symptoms of a seizure so he decided she needed immediate medical attention but felt like 911 would not come fast enough. Id. During the drive he committed two different offenses: speeding and crossing the centerline and subsequently he was pulled over and arrested. Id. He d id not fully comply with all of the elements because although he was trying to prevent a significant evil, there were alternative means for the transportation of his girlfriend that he chose not to rely on.Id. Willie Joe Knight, a black man, was driving along a road in a predominately white community in 1989 when after noticing a group of white children playing on the road side, he felt as if his vehicle had run over something. Knight v. State, 601 So. 2d 403 (Miss. 1992). After stopping to check for damages he concluded that he had probably run over something unimportant but was quickly startled by the screams of a witness claiming that he had run over a white child and that the child was trapped. Id.The angry crowd approached and he feared for his own safety because he, a black man, ran over a white child and with the rioting crowds pressure growing, he left the scene. Id. Knight openly stated he fled because he feared for the safety of his own life considering the racial aspect. Id. 406. The court concluded this was a case for a defense of necessity because he was motivated by fear and the present circumstances that induced that fear would be in a reasonable person in Knight's situation. Id. With this conclusion, his conviction was reversed and remanded. Id.In Corley v. State, 536 So. 2d 1314 (1988), the defendant escaped from the Carroll County Jail after he claimed to have been threatened by a jailer with a gun. After his escape he was consequently returned to the Carroll County Jail after being located at his home in Greenwood. Id. at 1317. He claimed a defense of necessity to escape because he had a fear for his life after the jailer’s threat but the Court held that his defense was not viable, therefore waived, because he chose intentionally to not return to custody after the danger was evaded. Their findings were ased on that Corley admittedly divulged that he planned on staying out of jail â€Å"as long as I could reckon. † Id. The Court found that failure to return to the authorities after reaching safety and failure to make a complaint about his danger demoted Corley’s reasoning and did not constitute his escape to be a defense of necessity because he did not meet all of the elements. Id. Since the elements were not met, the Court affirmed his conviction. Id. I. DUI McAnzen will most likely survive the DUI charge because can probably establish each element of the defense of necessity for that charge.Under Mississippi Law, to establish a necessity of defense, a defendant must prove: (1) the act charged was done to prevent a significant evil; (2) the harm caused was not disproportionate to the harm avoided; and (3) there was no adequate alternative. Stodghill v. State, 892 So. 2d 236 (Miss. 2005). 1. The act charged was done to prevent a significant evil; Courts have usually found that a defense of necessity was valid when the act charged was done to prevent a significant evil. This was established in Stodgh ill v. State, 892 So. 2d 236 (Miss. 2005).McAnzen chose to drive under the influence because it was the only way to ensure his safety from the hurricane. Like, McAnzen chose to drive under the influence because it was the only way to ensure his safety from the hurricane. His decision to drive under the influence was the only way to get him self to a safe environment although he had to break a law to do so. Like Stodghill, McAnzen drove under the influence because his only other option was not viable- to be physically harmed due to Hurricane Katrina. They both knowingly committed the same crime but only to ensure their own or other’s safety from their individual circumstances.It could be said that because hurricanes are common in this part of the country that he should have taken warnings of the storm more seriously. This cannot be entirely true because each hurricane has different levels of severity and when he realized the severity of Hurricane Katrina it was necessary that he leave his home immediately or risk being killed by the storm. 2. The harm caused was not disproportionate to the harm avoided; and Courts have previously found that a defense of necessity was valid when the harm caused was not disproportionate to the harm avoided. This was established in Stodghill v.State, 892 So. 2d 236 (Miss. 2005). McAnzen’s case easily proves this element because driving under the influence essentially saved his life because without making that decision he would have been likely killed by the effects of the storm. This is parallel to the situation in the Stoghill case because he had to make the decision to drive even though he had previously been drinking earlier in the night, in hopes to save his girlfriend who was suffering from a seizure. It could be said that McAnzen choosing to drive under the influence always has the chance to harm someone else in the process.This counter argument is not sufficient because who is to tell him that his life was not important just because he happened to drink earlier in the evening? Since the storm had rapidly gotten worse, most people had already reached safety making it a lesser chance that he would hit someone on the road. 3. There was no adequate alternative. Courts have formerly found that a defense of necessity was valid when the act is committed because there was no adequate alternative. This was not established in Stodghill v. State, 892 So. 2d 236 (Miss. 2005).The third element is established and provided by the moral obligation McAnzen felt for his wife. He declined the ride with a neighbor because he felt morally wrong leaving his wife, in the chance that she might return. When McAnzen could absolutely wait no longer for her return, he had no other adequate options but to drive to safety. His moral conscience was the reason that eventually he was stuck with no alternatives. Stodghill did not meet this. One could say that his moral obligation to wait on his wife was not an adequate r easoning to wait.He could have accepted the ride from his friend since his wife eventually never showed up and the acceptance was an adequate option. Because no one can define what a person’s certain moral obligations can or cannot be this counter argument cannot be found. He felt like he should wait on his wife, when she never returned his only option was to drive himself to safety. McAnzen frankly admits that he committed criminal acts when he operated a vehicle under the influence his argument provides that he had fitting reason to do so to ensure his own safety during the onset of Hurricane Katrina.In reference to the use of defense of necessity to his DUI charge, the court will find that it is his reasoning was appropriate and in accordance to all three elements. The Courts will likely find that a reasonable person would have made the same choices as he. I. Escape McAnzen will most likely survive the escape charge because can probably establish each element of the defens e of necessity for that charge. Courts have found that a prisoner’s escape can be permissible by law if the reason is the â€Å"intention to escape an impending danger† rather than the â€Å"intention to escape lawful imprisonment† which could not be justified.Under Mississippi Law, to establish a necessity of defense to escape, a defendant must prove: (1) immediate threat of serious bodily harm to prisoner; (2) prisoner has no time in which to make complaint to authorities about his danger (3) force or violence is not used in escape; and (4) a prisoner must intend to report immediately to proper authorities when he attains position of safety. Corley v. State, 536 So. 2d 1314 (1988). Although he does not undoubtedly meet all four elements it is likely the court will accept his defense because he clearly meets three; the fourth is very debatable. . Immediate threat of serious bodily harm to prisoner The first element is clearly met because there was an immediate threat of serious bodily harm to prisoner because McAnzen had a legitimate threat of serious bodily harm, the incoming Hurricane Katrina. His fear of impending danger was heightened when he saw the officer simply knocked over by the hurricane’s wind. Unlike McAnzen, in Corley the claim that an officer threatened him at gunpoint had not merit because it was never proven. It could be said that a gust of wind is not an immediate threat but that is not entirely true.The gust of wind was in fact an immediate threat of what was to come from the incoming hurricane. He knew that if a gust of wind was strong enough to knock down a grown man that the storm could easily kill him. 2. Prisoner has no time in which to make complaint to authorities about his danger; The second element, that the prisoner has no time to make a complaint about his danger, is easily met by the McAnzen case. Since he was arrested in the middle of existent hurricane weather he had no time to complain to authoriti es regarding his rationale for evading the danger.He was arrested without his viable reason even being considered. If the threat had been legitimate in Corley, Corley could have reported the incident to someone of authority instead of trying to handle the law himself. 3. Force or violence is not used in escape; and In the third element it states that force or violence is not used in escape. McAnzen used neither force nor violence because his escape was enabled after a natural occurrence of weather, the gust of wind, detained the officer.The argument cannot counter this because the gust of wind that knocked over the officer, allowing McAnzen to escape, was an act of nature not an act of force or violence. 4. A prisoner must intend to report immediately to proper authorities when he attains position of safety. The last element, that a prisoner must intend to report immediately to proper authorities when he attains position of safety, is the only element that is not clearly met by McAn zen but he is still likely to establish his defense.It is explicitly never met in Corley because he openly admits after the police collected him that he had no intentions of returning and would try to stay a free man as long as he could. McAnzen, on the hand doesn’t explicitly meet this element but has a completely different motive than the extreme one stated in Corley. He was forced leave the jurisdiction in which he was arrested to evade the danger of the approaching. He did not leave the jurisdiction to avoid his arrest; only to avoid the storm thus avoiding the impending danger.It will be countered that he should have immediately turned him self in. But neither who the proper authorities are nor when safety is obtained are explicitly defined. He could have believed the proper authorities were in the jurisdiction in which he was arrested. Thinking he should turn in himself in to Mississippi authorities would have given him no reason to do so when he arrived in Florida. It can be thought that he would turn himself in when returning home but his thought process was halted when he found his home had been completely destroyed.A reasonable person would have visited their home before reporting to authorities therefore this counterargument will not stand. CONCLUSION Both of McAnzen’s decisions, driving under the influence and escaping from custody, are criminal actions but they were necessarily committed to ensure his personal safety during the onset of Hurricane Katrina. He meets the individual elements of each charge that are required to establish the defense of necessity making his actions excusable. It is likely that the court will find that in his circumstances he made reasonable decisions.